Each science which it is possible to call exact first of all collects data for researches by observations, sample, experiments and polls. The huge flow of information in the course of laborious work is processed to obtain average data. They are calculated and then are used in physics, mathematics, statistics and other sciences.
Instruction
1. Be engaged in preparation for calculations. Collect as much as possible data necessary for receiving final number. Than more precisely and more stoutly there will be information, especially also the total figure will be exact. For example, it is necessary to determine the average specific weight of salary of workers in the prime cost of products at the plants of a certain category (we will assume, canning) in our country. You will not be able to learn for certain exact number of such plants, there is a lot of them, but nevertheless it is necessary to collect data. Therefore make their greatest possible list and for everyone find out the total amount of the salary of workers and total amount of prime cost.
2. Take information for a certain period: in a month, in a quarter, in a year. Consider that will be able to give material to you only when this period is already closed in accounting. The current information to you not will not be able to be supplied because of their continuous change. Therefore choose only the past terms, but nevertheless not really old that information was not outdated.
3. Such large-scale work disappears if you need average specific weight at three certain plants. In this case you just narrow a round of a research, having taken figures only of these enterprises.
4. If concrete figures are absent, calculate them on the basis of those sums which the company will be able to give you. Remember that at data processing one sum always logically follows from some other and vice versa. So, can give you the salaries of workers on shops – and you only summarize them. Or, on the contrary, will report the total amount of salary, but at the same time will add the staff list where the specialty of the worker, and the pay-sheet on salary is visible. Then by sample look for only workers.
5. Summarize all numbers which managed to be received. At the exit you will have two figures. In our example it is the total amount of salaries of all workers at all plants and the general prime cost of canning products.
6. Huge preparatory work is done therefore now it is necessary to perform one simple arithmetic operation: to divide the first sum into the second and to increase by hundred. In numbers it looks more evident therefore again we will address our case. If the sum of salaries was 120, and product cost – 400 (figures are conditional), then the average specific weight of salary of workers in the prime cost of canning products over the country will be 30%. 120/400*100=30.
7. If you carry out this simple action also on each enterprise separately, then will be able to compare as far as the percent of specific weight at each plant will differ from an average in any given party