You perform measurement of temperature of gas the thermometer. For measurement of temperatures to 150ºС use liquid and bimetallic thermometers. For the increased temperatures take devices on the basis of the thermocouple, the manometrical thermometer or a pyrometer. Temperature can also be calculated in such macroscopic parameters as pressure and volume of gas.
It is required to you
- liquid, bimetallic thermometers, thermocouple, pyrometer and tight vessel
Instruction
1. Determination of temperature of gas by means of a liquid termometradlya of determination of temperature ship the tank of the liquid thermometer in gas. The liquid which is in a capillary will rise or will fall, having shown the current temperature of gas on the graduated scale. If gas is in a tight vessel, weld on it a tube which fill with heat-conducting substance. Water will approach. Insert the tank of the liquid thermometer into this tube and take readings. In this case accuracy will be slightly worse, than at direct contact with gas.
2. Measurement of temperature bimetallic and manometrical you termometrompomestit a thermocylinder of the bimetallic thermometer in gas and after a while on a scale you will see indications of temperature. More high temperatures are taken by the manometrical thermometer. For this purpose its cylinder needs to be placed in gas. On a capillary pressure will be transferred to an arrow which will move on the graduated scale.
3. Thermometer on a termoparevozmita two metal conductors, for example, from copper and a constantan. Solder their edges and attach the sensitive ampermeter to one of them. Then of having soldered one place in the heated gas, and leave the second in normal conditions. There will be electric current which will show the ampermeter. Having graduated it in degrees Celsius, we will receive the thermometer.
4. Determination of temperature you pirometrompropustit hot gas through a metal tube. Perfectly copper as material with very high heat conductivity will approach. After that direct to it a pyrometer, and it without contact to determine tube temperature, so, and gas which passes through it.
5. Calculation of temperature ideal gazaidealny is considered gas under normal conditions (pressure of 101325 Pas, temperature 0? With =273.15 J). In this case, the volume of one of such gas will make 22.4 l or 0.0224 m3. Then, having placed gas in a tight vessel with the manometer and heating or cooling it, it is possible to calculate temperature. Take readings of the manometer in Pascals (pressure). Then, increase numerical value of pressure by 0.0224 and divide into 8.31. From the received result take away 273.15. The value of temperature in degrees Celsius will turn out.