Scale call the relation of two linear sizes. Its use allows to create drawings, maps, models of real objects. Thanks to scaling it is possible to show in a reduced form a big object and, on the contrary, in increased – small.
It is required to you
- - ruler;
- - pencil.
Instruction
1. At the solution of mathematical tasks of the subject "Scale" it is possible to come up against various practical situations in which its application is necessary. For example, how to learn card scale? Take any satin and discover it on one of pages. In its lower part usually there is a ruler on which it is shown how many kilometers on the area correspond to one centimeter on the card. For example, scale 1:7,500,000 says that one centimeter of the card is equal to 75 kilometers on the area. Scale 1: Is 35,000,000 350 kilometers on the area. Scale 1:200,000 – in one centimeter two kilometers.
2. It is easy to see that scale is specified in centimeters. To transfer centimeters to habitual kilometers, it is necessary to count on the right side of five signs. For example, in scale 1:10,000,000 count five signs on the right, 1 will turn out: 100.00000. That is in 1 cm 100 km. Knowing this principle, you will always be able quickly to define compliance of values of the card to real distance on the area.
3. When performing drawing works the actual sizes of an object decrease or increase in a number of times. There are certain standards to which it is necessary to adhere. For example, at production of models of the ships, tanks, planes, cars scales 1:24, 1:32, 1:48, 1:72, 1:144, etc. are usually used. It is easy to guess that model there are less real prototypes in the specified number of times. If you, for example, collect or make models in scale 1:72 (most widespread option), then they will differ in sizes as well as real objects.
4. Sometimes face scaling at increase in any drawing. Precisely to enlarge the image, at first line it on cages, having chosen for them a certain size – for example, 1 centimeter. Further line the sheet of paper on the cages increased in the necessary scale. So, if the drawing has to be increased twice, it is necessary to use cages with the party of 2 cm. Having lined a leaf, you will be able easily to transfer on cages to it contours of the initial drawing.