To make a powerful electromagnet, take a good magnetic conductor, wind it with the isolated conductor and connect to a current source. Power of such electromagnet can be regulated in various ways.
It is required to you
- piece of low-carbon electrotechnical steel of a cylindrical form, the isolated copper wire, DC power source.
Instruction
1. Take preparation from electrotechnical steel and it is accurate, a round to a round wind it with the isolated copper wire. Take a wire average section in order that as much as possible rounds, but at the same time not too thin that it did not fuse from big currents held.
2. After that connect a wire to a DC power source through a rheostat if in the source there is no opportunity to regulate tension. For such magnet the source which gives up to 24 V suffices. After that transfer the slider of a rheostat to the maximum resistance or the regulator of a source on the minimum tension.
3. Slowly and carefully increase tension. At the same time there will be a characteristic vibration accompanied with a sound which can be heard during the operation of the transformer – it is normal. Surely control the winding temperature as duration of work of an electromagnet depends on it. Bring tension to that value at which the copper wire will obviously begin to heat up. After that disconnect current and give to a winding will cool down. Again include current and by means of such manipulations find the maximum tension at which the conductor will not heat up. It will also be a nominal operating mode of the made electromagnet.
4. Bring a body of substance which contains iron to one of poles of the working magnet. It has to be attracted strong to magnet nickel (we consider nickel the basis of the steel core). If force of an attraction is insufficient, take a wire with a bigger length and impose rounds several layers, in proportion increasing magnetic field. At the same time resistance of the conductor will increase, and its adjustment will need to be carried out again.
5. That the magnet attracted better, take the core of a horseshoe form and wind with a wire its direct sites - then the surface of an attraction and its force will increase. To increase attraction force, make the core of alloy of iron and cobalt which conductivity of magnetic field is slightly higher.