The electric magnet (electromagnet) is a device which gains magnetic properties at connection to a current source. It attracts ferromagnetics by means of magnetic field. The electromagnet consists of the core and a winding.
It is required to you
- - cylinder from electrotechnical steel;
- - tester;
- - current source;
- - copper wire.
Instruction
1. From electrotechnical steel of a cylindrical form reel up a copper wire in the isolating braid on preparation. Use a wire a dimeter about 1 mm. It has sufficient conductivity and gives the chance to reel up a large number of rounds on the core that will allow to increase magnetic field. It will be a winding of an electric magnet. For improvement of effect it is possible to take preparation of a horseshoe form.
2. Collect an electrical circuit from consistently connected source of current, a winding of an electromagnet and shop of resistance or a rheostat for adjustment of current in a chain. Use a DC power source with electromotive force up to 24 volts. If there is an opportunity to regulate tension directly on a current source, then do not include a rheostat in a chain. For control of current in a chain use a tester. Include it consistently with an electromagnet.
3. Install the regulator of a source or a rheostat so that tension was minimum. Then current in a winding of an electromagnet will have safe value. Smoothly begin to increase tension. The current passing through an electromagnet winding will begin to increase in proportion. For a copper wire with a diameter of 1 mm the safest current makes 6 amperes. If current exceeds this value, the winding of an electromagnet will fuse.
4. When current goes on a winding, the core will turn into a magnet. Bring to it a body of iron or its alloy (steel, cast iron, etc.). It will attract this subject to the cylinder basis from electrotechnical steel (magnet nickel). If force of an attraction is small, increase quantity of rounds on an electromagnet winding. For this purpose reel up a wire of bigger length on the core. At the same time consider that its resistance will increase in proportion to length. At repeated connection of an electromagnet bring value of current to rated value. After shutdown of electric current the magnetic properties of the core will be gone.