Chloride calcium – the salt having chemical formula CaCl2. Represents itself the colourless crystals which are quickly "blurring" on air because of strong hygroscopicity. It is widely applied in different industries and also in medicine – as a source of completion of deficiency of calcium in an organism.
It is required to you
- - calcium carbonic (carbonate) – in the form of limestone or chalk;
- - hydrochloric acid (it is better to use not concentrated, and diluted, for economy of a reactant and safety);
- - reactionary capacity – a dvugorly flask from a shlifama;
- - dividing funnel (dropper) with shlify, suitable by the size a flask shlif;
- - glass funnel with the paper filter;
- - capacity for discharge of the received solution of chloride calcium and capacity for evaporation.
Instruction
1. This substance can be synthesized in the various ways. Commercially, it is received, mainly, as a by-product by production of soda. In vitro – or thermal decomposition of chloric CaOCl2 lime, or by impact of hydrochloric HCl acid on calcium carbonic (carbonate) CaCO3.
2. How to receive chloride calcium in the second way? Reaction proceeds so: SaSO3 + 2HCl = + N2SO3Obrazuyushchayasya at the same time coal H2CO3 acid is so weak CaCl2 that practically at once breaks up to carbon dioxide and water. Therefore reaction can be written down in such total look: CaCO3 + 2HCl = CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
3. At first shatter calcium carbonic into small pieces. It becomes in order that reaction took place most fully and quicker.
4. Then place shredded pieces of calcium carbonic in a flask. Insert a dividing funnel (dropper) with hydrochloric acid into one of flask "throats". Leave second "throat" open.
5. Having unscrewed the funnel crane, begin to flow literally on drops acid. Immediately well distinguishable hissing will sound, and pieces of a carbonate of calcium will begin "to foam", decreasing in sizes. Your task is to flow exactly so much acid that all pieces of limestone or chalk were dissolved, and foam ceased to be formed. It will mean that all quantity of a carbonate of calcium reacted.
6. Block the crane, carefully disconnect a dividing funnel from a flask. In a flask there has to be a water solution of chloride calcium. Filter it (for cleaning of mechanical pollution), then pour in special capacity and evaporate water. The received salt should be cooled and held in ware with densely closed cover as it is very hygroscopic.