Symbiosis is called such interaction of living organisms which leads to their mutual benefit. Examples of such interaction in the nature there is a huge set. It is surprising that such "cooperation" is often necessary for existence and functioning of the whole ecosystems.
The concept of symbiosis is considered in a school course of ecology. Symbiosis it is easy to understand the term as in the life the person often faces similar examples. The difference only that the animal cannot often exist without it and interaction goes at simpler level. The meaning of a concept is receiving mutual benefit. This term is opposite to a concept an antibiosis.
For example, small birds often peck out at hippopotamuses from a skin of insects parasites that improves life of a hippopotamus and makes birds full.
This interrelation of living organisms is one of the most important examples of the fact that the nature is difficult and well organized system. Examples of symbiosis there is a huge set.
Digestive bacteria
Digestive system of the majority of living organisms is a striking example of symbiosis. The organism is capable to perceive only that food which is digested. Food in a usual state cannot be eaten by an organism. Special bacteria which live in digestive tract are responsible for process of digestion. Bacteria are living beings who bring benefit to the owner, and the owner provides them with food. Respectively, it is a striking example of symbiosis.
Pollination of plants insectsOther example of symbiosis in the nature – pollination of plants insects. Insects travel from a flower to a flower, collecting the nectar necessary for them for life. In parallel with it, on the pads they transfer pollen of plants which performs reproduction function. All flora uses this free aid from insects.
Lichen - mushrooms and seaweedLichens which grow in the tundra are an example of symbiosis too. This peculiar moss includes mushrooms and seaweed in the structure. The alga produces carbohydrates which are absorbed by a mushroom, and the mushroom provides high humidity.
Avdotka and crocodileThe bird an avdotka learned to receive interesting benefit from friendship with a crocodile. It builds the nests near nests of crocodiles. Females of a crocodile very furiously protect the layings. Therefore, the bird serves for them as certain signaling of approach of uninvited guests. The crocodile rushes on protection of the nest, and also helps out a weak avdotka.
Bird plover and crocodile
One more interesting union with participation of a crocodile and bird of the plover shows that there are most courageous options of realization of symbiosis. In the course of food in a mouth of a crocodile a large number of the remains is formed write. It is a favorable background for development of various diseases of teeth and a discomfort source. The bird the plover learned to use these remains of food in teeth of a crocodile and to use them as the food. The crocodile receives services of the stomatologist, and a birdie – food.
Clingfish and sharkIn the sea world, similar examples meet too. The shark and a clingfish travel together everywhere. Close contact is explained by the fact that the clingfish has constant livelihood and an opportunity quickly to move, and the shark owner has protection against small parasites. It is interesting to note that without owner the clingfish practically cannot survive, and her fin for years of a similar way of life was deformed in a sucker which holds it on a body of a shark.