The concept of absolute temperature is studied and accepted in thermodynamics, but also means understanding of the molecular and kinetic theory because it is connected with energy of the thermal movement of particles of substance.
It is required to you
- The textbook in molecular physics, the textbook on thermodynamics.
Instruction
1. Read the general definition absolute temperature in the textbook in molecular physics. In this section of physics the absoluteness of temperature is connected with slightly other processes, than in thermodynamics. It is known that thermodynamic temperature in the molecular and kinetic theory is entered as some size characterizing degree of intensity of the chaotic or thermal movement of particles of substance.
2. In this context thermodynamic temperature is entered when determining average kinetic energy of a system of particles. It is supposed that temperature is the measure proportional to kinetic energy of particles of substance. Kinetic energy of the movement of a system of particles is equal one second works of mass of a particle on a square of average speed. This energy is equated to the expression proportional to body temperature and equal by three second works of a constant of Boltzmann on absolute temperature. From this expression it is possible to find how absolute temperature is defined.
3. Pay attention that at molecular and kinetic determination of temperature the zero value corresponds to lack of kinetic energy at the system of particles of substance. This situation, of course, is almost unrealizable, but is theoretically quite proved. In practice at approach to absolute zero the condition of particles becomes the most ordered. At some point kinetic energy of particles becomes minimum possible, and further reduction of temperature is impossible. This restriction for impossibility of achievement of absolute zero is proved by quantum mechanics.
4. Look what determination of absolute temperature in any textbook on thermodynamics. The first that is evident - it is independence of this temperature of a sort and in general any private properties of substance. Determination of temperature in thermodynamics contacts operation of the thermal machine and a concept of entropy. Body temperature is determined in this case, defining that amount of heat which is absorbed by the thermal car working between temperature of the studied body and with the temperature of one degree. Such temperature is also called absolute thermodynamic temperature. The entropy is entered from the assumptions that there has to be some function proportional to both temperature and amount of heat. From a differential ratio for this function absolute temperature in thermodynamics is also expressed.