The living organism can be compared to incredibly complex technical system. That all elements of a biological design worked in concert, mutually supplementing each other, it needs branched governing body. This function in an organism is performed by the central nervous system.
What is the central nervous system
The Central Nervous System (CNS) is located in a cranium and a spine column. This part of nervous system processes impulses which receives from the touch "sensors" called receptors. A problem of central nervous system – regulation of the processes which are every second proceeding in an organism. Actually this part of nervous system directs behavior and in a special way will organize it in time and space.
Central nervous system has quite complex anatomic structure. Are its part a head and spinal cord which are located in the viscous environment in a skull and a spine column. All parts of the central nervous system are reliably protected from potential damages by a likvor – cerebrospinal fluid. The logging-in fabrics have a threefold cover.
Basis of the building and activity of central nervous system – the nervous tissue consisting of a set of neurons. Nervous cages have the extended form. The size of neurons taking into account length of an axon fluctuates from several microns to several dozen centimeters. Nervous cages have high conductivity and good sensitivity. Similar properties allow these central nervous system specialized elements to carry out electric impulses effectively.
Features of central nervous system
In central nervous system there are several billion neurons. Connected in uniform network, they unite among themselves all systems of an organism and work well-coordinated extremely, performing functions of control and management. The neurons called receptors go to large branches and big trunks, forming nerves. Effectors, in turn, quit the central nervous system; their task is to control and direct muscle work. The central nervous system has strict structural hierarchy where there is a submission of the lowest levels the highest. The main centers come to the forefront in central nervous system. Their work is constructed on the principle of spatial symmetry: all structures of central nervous system have the average line and consist of two identical half. The most difficult part of central nervous system – a brain. In details to describe features of its device and all range of the functions which are carried out by a brain, not one thick volume is required. Not all properties of a brain and in general central nervous system are studied thoroughly today. There is a set of "white spots" and riddles over which scientists puzzle. Experts have the detailed "cards" of the carrying-out neural chains constructed by means of physiology methods at the order already today. But even such detailed schemes meanwhile do not give the answer to a question of what true nature of mental activity of living organisms.