Dry ice can be called carbon dioxide (CO2) which has property from a firm state to pass at once into vaporous, safely passing a liquid phase (at the room temperature and atmospheric pressure).
Emergence of dry ice
For the first time solid carbonic acid (dry ice) appeared on the arena of history in 1835, thanks to the French scientist K. Tidorye. However the idea found application only 90 years later, in the USA, ice began to be used for safety of products during railway transportation. Approximately by 1932 the production of dry ice was put on a stream.
Solid carbonic acid turns out by fast evaporation liquid, under the reduced pressure. Dry ice, of course, resembles granules or bars of carefully pressed snow, than the hardened water more superficially.
Contrary to extremely low temperature, it is not too notable for fingers that is connected with the protective layer of carbon dioxide formed at contact. In practice, the level of refrigerating capacity of dry ice exceeds the same indicator characteristic of ice standard twice.
Use of dry ice
It is widely used as the cooling element at storage and also transportation of foodstuff. Besides, it is applied to receiving and maintenance of low temperatures in the conditions of research experiments and at test assemblies in the field of mechanical engineering. The efficiency of use of dry ice in the food industry is explained by the carbonic environment which interferes with activity of microorganisms. In other words, products are protected not only from dampness, but also from emergence of a mold, bacteria, insects and even rodents. Besides above-mentioned areas of application of dry ice, it should be noted: bezabrazivny cleaning of all types of surfaces, hlepopekarny area (for delay of growth of barmy bacteria), urgent replacement of freezers in the conditions of malfunction, gassing of drinks, branding of the cattle, removal of small sites of a floor ceramic tile, delay of process of blossoming, medicine, funeral services and many other things.
It is interesting to know
It is possible to press for fun a metal spoon to a carbonic acid piece that will cause acoustic effect in the form of peep. This "phenomenon" is explained by microvibration of a spoon at ice sublimation (transition from firm to gaseous state). When placing granules of dry ice in water, there is an effect which is visually reminding water swirling process. This is caused by the same sublimation of carbonic acid. The piece of dry ice in the corked bottle with flowing water after agitation will turn usual water into aerated. If to exceed amount of dry ice, the explosive effect is possible. It is known that several pieces of carbonic acid are capable to extinguish the burning gasoline.