What is the craft

What is the craft

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Craft it is accepted to call a form of organized small-scale manual production which was the mass machine industry predominating before emergence.

What is it?

The craft arose from the beginning of human production activity. It took various forms, progressed together with stages of public division of labor. In a broad sense the craft can be divided into house, custom and market. It is possible to refer production of necessary products which are necessary for satisfaction of requirements of economy by which members they also are made to house craft. It is an initial form characteristic of subsistence economy.

The custom craft is production of products at the request of the consumer. At the same time the handicraftsman can works in foreign economy. Terms of payment in this case can be price-work or even day. Such type of craft is sometimes allocated in separate group.

The craft for the market, in fact, is small-scale production when the handicraftsman sells the products independently directly to the consumer or markets to their merchant. The craft contacts manual production. Use of the simplest tools is characteristic of it. The crucial importance in this case plays personal skill of the specific handicraftsman. Each handicraftsman passed a way from a journeyman to the master, accumulated necessary experience, received all necessary skills. During training he learned to make completely a certain subject (footwear, clothes, house utensils) from scratch. After obtaining all necessary skills the handicraftsman began independent existence in society where standard results of its work were demanded.

Development of craft

Development of professional craft in the large cities in the Middle Ages became the cause of a new social group, group of city handicraftsmen. They united to shops which protected their interests. Production of glass and products from it, production of cloth, production of metal products were primary branches of urban crafts. The industrial revolution of the middle of the eighteenth century forced out craft. But in the industries which are connected with production of art products or service of individual needs of the consumer the craft remained. First of all it concerns weaving, pottery, an art carving and so on. In many underdeveloped countries the craft is widespread still. But even there the factory industry forces out it in the course of industrialization. Practically everywhere national crafts which serve export and tourist spheres remain.

Author: «MirrorInfo» Dream Team

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