Depending on the acid and main properties of chemical elements, there are also their possible reactions. And these properties influence not only an element, but also its connections.
What is the acid and main properties
The main properties show metals, their oxides and hydroxides. Acid properties are shown nonmetals, their salts, acids and anhydrides. There are also amphoteric elements capable to show both acid, and main properties. Zinc, aluminum and chrome are one of representatives of amphoteric elements. Alkaline and alkaline-earth metals typical main properties, and sulfur, chlorine and nitrogen show acid.
So, at reaction of oxides with water, depending on properties of a basic element, either the basis or hydroxide, or acid turns out.
For example:
SO3+H2O=H2SO4 is manifestation of acid properties; CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2 is manifestation of the main properties;
Periodic table of Mendeleyev as indicator of the acid and main properties
Mendeleyev's table can help with determination of the acid and main properties of elements. If to look at Mendeleyev's table, then it is possible to see such regularity that across nonmetallic or acid properties amplify from left to right. Respectively closer to the left edge there are metals, on the center amphoteric elements, and on the right nonmetals. If to look at electrons and their attraction to a kernel, then it is noticeable that in the left part the elements have a weak charge of a kernel, and electrons are at the s-level. As a result it is simpler to such elements to give an electron, than to the elements which are in the right part. Nonmetals have rather high charge of a kernel. Thereby return of free electrons becomes complicated. It is simpler to such elements to attach to itself electrons, showing acid properties.
Three theories for determination of properties
There are three approaches defining what properties has connection: proton theory of Brensteda-Louri, aprotonny electronic theory of Lewis, Arrhenius's theory. According to the proton theory the connections capable to give the protons have acid properties. Such connections were called by donors. And the main properties are shown by ability to accept or attach a proton. Aprotonny approach means that acceptance and donorship of protons is optional to determination of the acid and main properties. Acid properties according to this theory are shown by an opportunity to accept electronic couple, and the main, on the contrary, to give this couple. Arrhenius's theory is the most relevant for determination of the acid and main properties. During the research it was proved that acid properties are shown when at dissociation of water solutions the chemical compound is divided into anions and ions of hydrogen, and the main properties - into cations and ions of hydroxide.