On the chemical composition not only cages of different organisms, but also cages of one metaphyte performing different functions can differ. But at the same time all of them are constructed practically of the same chemical elements, and such similarity of elementary structure – one of proofs of unity of wildlife.
Of what chemical elements the cage consists
As a part of living cell more than 80 of all known elements of the table of Mendeleyev are revealed. However, their distribution unevenly: 75% of cellular weight oxygen, 15% – carbon makes, 8% – hydrogen and 3% – nitrogen. About 98% of the mass of any cage are the share of these four elements which are the cornerstone of organic compounds and water.
About 2% of mass of a cage are the share of potassium, calcium, sodium, chlorine, iron, magnesium, phosphorus and sulfur. Other elements are presented in a cage in very small amount.
Into what groups chemical elements as a part of living organisms are divided
As a part of living organisms – plants, animals, mushrooms, etc. – three groups of elements allocate: macrocells (from 0.001% of weight), minerals (from 0.001% to 0.000001%) and ultraminerals (it is less than 0.000001%). Carry to the first O, C, N, H, P, K, S, Fe, Mg, Na, Ca. To the second – B, Co, Cu, Mo, Z, V, I, Br. At last, the third group is made by U, Ra, Au, Hg, Be, Cs, Se.
In what look chemical elements are present at cages
Elements as a part of organisms can be parts of molecules of organic and inorganic compounds or be in a form of ions. The most important inorganic substance of a cage – water. In it oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and other connections is dissolved. Organic matter is generally presented by carbon, hydrogen and oxygen: as a part of proteins to them nitrogen and sulfur, as a part of nucleinic acids – nitrogen and phosphorus increase.
From ions in a cage there can be also cations (K+, Ca+, Na+, Mg+), and anions (Cl-, H2PO4-, HCO3-, etc.). Organic chemistry of a cage are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleinic acids, ATP and other low-molecular organic compounds.
The inorganic ions which are present at a cage play a large role in ensuring its activity. As their concentration in a cage and the environment is various, between internal contents of a cage and the environment the potential difference is formed. It does possible such processes as irritability and transfer of excitement.
Chemical basis of life
The chemical basis of life is formed by carbon. Entering in connection with other atoms and groups of atoms, it "builds" many organic molecules. The main reason of their variety – not so much differences in atoms, how many difference in their organization, a construction order. Huge organic molecules are polysaccharides, proteins, nucleinic acids – can exist thanks to durability of covalent communications. They form more than 97% of solid of a cage.