How to find amount of atoms

How to find amount of atoms

Sometimes before researchers there is such task: how to define amount of atoms of any given substance? Originally it can seem exclusively difficult, amount of atoms even in a tiny sample of any substance just grandiose. How to count them?

How to calculate number of protons in an isotope kernel

How to calculate number of protons in an isotope kernel

Atoms consist of subatomic particles — protons, neutrons and electrons. Protons represent positively charged particles which are in the center of atom, in its kernel. It is possible to calculate number of protons of isotope on atomic number of the corresponding chemical element.

How to find the mass of a kernel

How to find the mass of a kernel

The atomic nucleus is insignificant a little in comparison with its general sizes. Such figurative model of atom of hydrogen will help to present it, for example: if in the center of the football field to put the small apple representing a kernel, then the orbit of an electron would pass approximately across the goalkeeper line. The absolute majority of volume of atom is occupied by emptiness. And at the same time so absolute majority of mass of atom is concentrated in its kernel. It is enough to tell that in the same atom of hydrogen its kernel is heavier, than an electron, by 1836 times! And how to find the mass of an atomic nucleus?

How to find a kernel charge

How to find a kernel charge

Atom – the smallest particle of each element which bears its chemical properties. Both existence, and the structure of atom was a subject of reasonings and study since ancient times. It was established that the structure of atoms is similar to the structure of the Solar system: in the center the kernel which is taking very few place, but concentrated in itself almost all weight; around it "planets" - the electrons bearing negative charges rotate. And how it is possible to find an atomic nucleus charge?

How to find relative atomic mass

How to find relative atomic mass

Since 1961 reference unit of relative atomic and molecular mass accepted 1/12 part of isotope of carbon (called carbon unit). Thus, relative atomic mass is a number which shows how much the absolute mass of atom of any chemical element is more than carbon unit. And the mass of the most carbon unit is equal 1.66*10 in degree of-24 grams. How you can find relative atomic mass?