Mental disorders frighten people. They hesitate to address the expert, to tell relatives about the problem. One of such frustration caused by violation of consciousness is deliriya. This violation happens at any age and the reasons of its emergence are extensive, but all of them are connected with damage of a brain.
What is the deliriya?
Psychological frustration, shown hallucinations, confusion of consciousness, nonsense, violation of behavior call deliriy. Finding out, deliriya – what is it, we will notice that mean high-quality violation of consciousness which arises under the influence of external factors by this disease: infectious and neurologic diseases, organism intoxication, at injuries. Often deliriya develops under the influence of narcotic or alcoholic substances. It is possible to cure this mental disorder only in a hospital.
Reasons deliriya
Continuing to describe this mental disorder, it is necessary to specify what deliriya is the disease which is shown visual hallucinations, illusions. Let's give the main reasons for emergence a deliriya:
- The diseases of neurologic character arising on the etiology caused by meningitis, epilepsy, encephalitis and so on. Because of injuries and tumors.
- Diseases of infectious origin (malaria, pneumonia, typhoid, serious form of flu), serious conditions caused by high temperature, intoxication.
- Postoperative state, especially after surgical intervention.
- At alcoholic or narcotic intoxication. In the people this state is called "delirium tremens".
- Still allocate senile deliriya which can arise at people of advanced age owing to injuries of both mental, and physical character.
Symptoms deliriya
Are peculiar and well distinguishable. The Deliriozny syndrome is shown in the following:
- The hallucinations, nonsense, illusions appearing at night or during awakening.
- Panic, tremor, alarm, irritability, unconscious movements by hands and legs. Mood swing, lack of appetite. The state considerably worsens at night.
- Disorientation in time and space. The patient sees objects which once met in his life. The speech becomes incoherent. Inattentively answers questions.
Vida Deliriya
On the cause is such delyariya:
-
Infectious
, caused by various diseases. -
Medicinal
develops at intake of psychotropic drugs. -
Traumatic
arises owing to craniocereberal injuries. -
Alcoholic
is caused by intake of alcoholic products during the long period. -
Narcotic
, is caused by intake of narcotic substances. -
Feverish
at high temperatures. -
Senile
develops at age weak-mindedness.
On the nature of course of a disease allocate the following types a deliriya:
- abortive;
- sharp;
- chronic.
Abortive deliriya
Continuing to find out deliriya – what is it, we will dwell upon main types of this mental disorder. Under abortive deliriy understand the short-term or not developed problem with consciousness violation by duration to one day, with indistinct rare hallucinations. Abortive a deliriya overfatigue, stay in roast, not aired room, head injuries, psychological overloads are the main reasons for emergence.
Sharp deliriya
This type of a disease proceeds promptly, duration from a couple of hours to five days. Describing sharp deliriya what the state is, it is necessary to specify that this type of mental violation differs in profound change of consciousness. The patient is not guided in space and time, he observes motive excitement, temperature increase of a body, dehydration, violation of the mode of a dream and wakefulness, lack of appetite. It is necessary to notice that sharp deliriya – sign of a complication of the main disease of the person.
Chronic deliriya
Distinctive feature of a mental disorder of this type is duration of manifestation of symptoms. The disease can last several months or even years. The clinical picture at the same time in time weakens or amplifies. Madness of the person in the form of hallucinations and nonsense is shown at night, and in the afternoon the patient is whimsical and tearful. Memory and self-criticism at the same time remain. Such type a deliriya often meets at alcohol-addicted patients, and symptoms weaken during abstention from alcohol.
Stages deliriya
Continuing to consider deliriya – that it, it is necessary to tell that this mental disorder has three stages of development, in each of which it is possible to allocate the symptoms:
-
The first stage
is shown by excitement, painful reaction to touches, light, noise. At the patient the tremor, insomnia, euphoria can be observed, to recur to the memory last events. -
The second stage
is shown in disorder of consciousness, the patient sees indistinct rare hallucinations, but still realizes himself and is guided in space. -
The third stage
a deliriya is connected with severe hallucinations, nonsense, fear, alarm. The patient can actively move legs, gesticulate hands. At the same time hallucinogenic images are based on the real objects which before were found in human life.
Diagnostics deliriya
The disease of deliriya is frustration in psychiatry, the consciousnesses which are followed by change. The psychiatrist on the basis of clinical signs and the previous anamnesis can diagnose this disease. It is necessary to estimate a mental condition of the patient prior to the beginning of a disease (the conversation with relatives can be required), a possibility of the patient to independently make decisions (it is necessary for the solution of questions of hospitalization or operation) and level of danger of the patient for himself and people. Often deliriya is followed by other diseases.
Treatment deliriya
At this disease of the patient cannot control itself, and it can be dangerous both to people around, and to itself. The psychiatry considers a disease of deliriya as a condition of obscuring of consciousness. Suicide cases at aggravation are frequent a deliriya. Observation of this frustration should be made only in a hospital. Treatment consists in removal of a sharp phase of a disease by means of neuroleptics and tranquilizers. Medicines of reduction of symptomatology and disposal of spasms can be still appointed.
Important part of treatment is recovery of water balance and a conclusion of toxins from an organism by means of salt solutions and glucose. At knocking over of the main symptoms a deliriya identification and careful treatment of the main disease is necessary. At accurate observance of recommendations of the doctor the forecast for recovery after a disease deliriy positive. And in most cases repeated attacks are not observed. However at the heavy course of a disease (hemorrhage, presence of tumors, associated diseases) the full treatment is possible at elimination of the prime cause.
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