Parents take very painfully that fact when they to their child diagnose the delay of mental development (DMD). Violations which are expressed in decrease in mental endurance, cognitive activity, emotionally – the strong-willed sphere are characteristic of children with the drawn medical conclusion. They insufficiently developed memory, violations of the speech can be shown. However the ability to thought processes is observed, but can be slowed down.
If in more detail to consider violations which are observed at children then it is possible to note that such children have a behavior as at children of younger age, they are sluggish, cannot long focus attention on one occupation, the emotional state is not stable, can unexpectedly fall into a hysterics. The speech at such children is underdeveloped, it is shown in a limited lexicon or violation of sound pronunciation.
But adults have to know that the diagnosis of ZPR most often is considered temporary as during in due time begun work with the child it can be corrected. It is necessary to begin this work with children of already preschool age. And if ZPR appeared because of psychogenic genesis (hyper guardianship, neglect, etc.), then, having liquidated these factors and having organized daily work with the child, it is possible about this diagnosis further and not to remember.
The first that it is necessary to begin for successful correction of children with ZPR, this strengthening of health or treatment of diseases which can complicate this diagnosis. Strengthening and treatment the pediatrician has to plan carrying out very in detail for parents. The second direction is directly correctional work. This work should be carried out in two directions.
First, to attend in the system of class with the teacher-speech pathologist. If the child goes to a garden, then it is desirable to get a referral in specialized preschool institution. In it groups are completed on 10 – 12 people. In the state besides tutors teachers – speech pathologists and teachers – logopedists. On one such expert no more than 4 children. It is not necessary to be afraid of such kindergartens, they do not close the road to children in the future, and on the contrary, adjust a disease and train children for study at usual (not correctional) school. Children who are at home should employ the teacher-speech pathologist for systematic work. Secondly, the daily developing work with the child of parents is required. To play the developing games, to draw, mold, do various hand-made articles, to thereby develop fine motor skills and imagination. Games and exercises for memory development very much will help for further educational activity.
Parents have to know that ZPR is not a sentence. This violation is adjusted and gives to each child the chance to conduct further happy life and to adapt in society.