Many people sometimes do not notice that how they fell a victim of intellectual backwardness, groups of diverse states which have various extent of manifestation and the cause. She negatively influences human life, interfering with its mental growth, puts the considerable pressure upon development of its informative abilities.
It should be noted that at people who suffer from this illness the intellectual development is lower than norm. They hard are given any training and there are difficulties with social adaptation.
Reasons of intellectual backwardness
Unfortunately, today the reasons influencing appearance of this illness up to the end are not studied. But it is found out that there is a number of factors which become grains of further sharp violation of development of mental capacities of the personality:
- Intoxication. If during incubation of the child, the woman took a large amount of the medicines capable to do much harm as to her health, and the kid, the option is not excluded that the toxic agents which are contained in them can break a fruit metabolism. The last, in turn, negatively influences its further development.
- Infectious diseases. Besides the cause of intellectual backwardness can become the fact that the child's mother during pregnancy had such serious illness as, for example, flu, scarlet fever, a rubella, etc.
- Trauma. As a result of defeat of a fruit a bruise or blow. It is impossible to exclude their emergence during fast or long childbirth. So, injuries can be formed as result of squeezing by nippers of a head of the kid during passing of patrimonial ways.
- Infection. The fruit can be infected by various parasites who are in an organism of future mother. First of all, toxoplasmosis belongs to it.
- Gena. This hereditary factor takes place to be in case there are chromosomal diseases or blood of mother and child is incompatible. So, during normal fertilization of an ovum 46 chromosomes are formed, and at a Down syndrome – 47.
- Diseases. Inflammatory diseases of a brain which arise at small children.
- Ecology. Also unsuccessful development of mental capacities is influenced by the increased radiation level, alcoholism of mother, drug addiction.
- Proteinaceous exchange. If it is broken, then developing of the considered disease is not excluded.
Forms of intellectual backwardness
Mental retardation arising owing to an organic injury of a brain of a fruit or the newborn belongs to main types of intellectual backwardness. Also here rank moronity which is easy degree of the previous form, a deficiency of intellect – average and also an idiocy – deep and heavy degree of mental retardation.
Signs of intellectual backwardness
The main symptom of this illness is the lowered intelligence of the person. If to speak about what IQ level corresponds to light intellectual backwardness, then at moronity it is equal to 50-69. At people with such form the concentration of attention is lowered, but, despite this, many have good and exact memory. Some violations of behavior, communicative difficulties, difficulties with empathy are observed. The person with moronity realizes the state from what he seeks to conceal it from society in every possible way.
The deficiency of intellect is IQ 35-49. Such persons are capable to feel affection, understand what is a praise and punishment. They easily study the simplest skills of self-service. As for an idiocy (IQ lower than 34), it is difficult to teach such patients to something. It is difficult to them to express emotions: everything that such people can – so it to show discontent and satisfaction. They are supported in special facilities.
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