Communication – extremely important part of human life. With its help the people can satisfy the main requirements and express the relation each other, act together and set the big joint purposes. Therefore communication was always of considerable interest to researchers. Studying its structure, they allocated the communicative, interactive and perceptual parties of communication.
Characteristic of components of communication
The communicative component means communication in the narrow sense of the word, i.e. concerns only exchange of information between interlocutors.
Perceptual - characterizes their perception with each other in the course of communication. This perception is resulted by mutual understanding and interaction of people.
The interactive party of communication consists in exchange not only of information, but also actions. Coming into contact, interlocutors recognize each other and find a common ground, will organize joint activity. Quite so also interactive function of communication is shown.
Sometimes these components can be met under other names. For example, the communicative aspect is called communicative and information, perceptual – affective and communicative, and an interactive component of communication – regulatory and communicative. It is clear, that at the same time the sense and purpose of each of the listed functions remain – people share information, impressions, create a basis or obstacles for the joint activity.
Types of interaction
Communicating, each person pursues a definite purpose. Therefore communication is always focused on concrete result and, as a rule, is connected with the activity directed to its achievement. And in this activity, depending on that, mutual understanding was reached or not, people can create the relations of cooperation or rivalry. Otherwise it is possible to call them cooperation and the competition, consent and the conflict or adaptation and opposition. Anyway it is about two opposite types of interaction.
In the first case the people reach agreements which unite them and bring together, stimulate their collaboration. In the second effective joint activity does not arise. Participants of communication it is obvious or reserved are at enmity, compete or clash, do not enter close relations and do not act together.
Interactive component as mutual influence of participants of communication
And interaction of people is the not only their acts directed to achievement of some common goal, it also the actions directed at each other. Participating in any common cause, people inevitably influence emotions and behavior of the partner or partners.
It can be presented in the simplified form as a chain of their reactions to actions of each other. Acts of one person cause reaction of the second, and he in turn too answers in a certain way and again influences behavior of the partner the behavior. As a result moods and acts of all participants of joint activity and communication change.
Function of leadership in the interactive party of communication
Some have ability to influence not only feelings, emotions and behavior, but also installations, motives and values of others. Such ability assumes ability to be guided well in people, to thinly feel and understand them, to use the most appropriate and effective methods of influence. As a rule, leaders have such inclinations. They can set a certain spirit not only to the partner in communication, but also the whole group, creating in it a certain psychological climate and uniting her members, inspiring them on achievement of a common goal.