People have different types of abilities which receive since the birth or develop throughout life. It is known a large number of classifications by different signs, for example, differing in an origin source, orientation, the level of development, existence of conditions and other criteria.
Types of abilities in psychology
At the person different abilities, and to them can be developed refer personal and psychological qualities which separate one person from another and the fruitfulness of actions depends on them. Besides abilities cannot be referred to knowledge, skills and abilities which are already developed at people. The structure and other parameters which help to understand better the person, his possible ways of development to lives and prospects are carefully studied in ability psychology, their types.
Classification of types of abilities in psychology
There are several classifications which are focused on different criteria. For example, by origin mark out natural and social abilities. Refer abilities which are formed on the basis of congenital informative processes of perception, memory, thinking and so on to the first. As for social abilities, they are caused by the system of training and education, and they are shown in different spheres. There are also other types of abilities of the person: theoretical and practical, educational and creative, communicative and others.
General abilities
Understand the system of individual and strong-willed qualities of the person which he uses for mastering knowledge and implementation of different activity as this category of abilities. They can be received by nature and developed during life. Describing what types of abilities happen, it is worth noticing that they can be elementary and difficult. Refer the abilities inherent in all people to the first but they are expressed in different degree, for example, to think, worry, remember and so on. Refer abilities to general views of activity to the second: to training, game, work, communication and so on.
Mental abilities
Let's begin with the term intelligence as which understand the general abilities to knowledge, understanding and permission of different problems. It unites all types of abilities of the individual directed to studying the world around: feelings, memory, imagination and so on. It is proved that development of intelligence has a direct connection with amount of the processed information. What is interesting, the first signal that the intelligence is involved not completely, the memory impairment is.
There are certain types of mental abilities:
- Mental. Includes ability to answer quickly questions, to carry out calculation, to define heart of the matter and so on.
- Emotional. Ability to understand and operate own feelings and feelings of people around.
- Social. Here refer ability to apply on themselves different roles throughout all life.
- Spiritual. This type of ability of intelligence defines harmony of inner world and understanding of meaning of life.
- Physical. Here the ability to operate the body and corporal desires means.
Organizing abilities
The submitted phrase is used to describe a certain set of qualities which help to organize effectively work, and and the, and other people. Types of business abilities and organizing including, the person can develop throughout all life. A necessary set of qualities contains:
- Authoritativeness which means unconditional trust, professionalism, charisma and so on.
- The insight, is based on ability of the person to notice and to correctly interpret an emotional condition of people, and still to define their psychological compatibility, sense of tact, measures and so on.
- Emotional and strong-willed qualities to which refer activity, insistence, adequacy, judiciousness and many others.
Communicative abilities
Success of the person in many respects depends on his ability to interact with surrounding people and to find with them a common language. Abilities to communication at each person are formed individually, and it is influenced by interaction with parents, coevals, fellow workers and so on. There are different exercises for their development. Allocate such types of communicative abilities:
- Information and communicative mean ability of the person to begin, to support and finish a conversation. Here refer ability to use verbal and nonverbal types of communication.
- Affective and communicative include ability to notice an emotional condition of the interlocutor and ability it is correct to react to it, and still to show respect and sympathy for other people.
- Regulatory and communicative mean ability of the person to accept the help from others, to solve conflict situations by adequate methods and to support others.
Pedagogical abilities
Understand set of certain psychological characteristics which are important for the teachers wishing to achieve success in education and training of children as it. The concept and types of abilities include:
- Didactic. Here it is possible to refer ability to intelligibly present information, it is correct to organize a lesson, to attract interest of children and it is correct to motivate them.
- Academic. Mean competence of the teacher of a profile subject by this ability, that is it has to have profound knowledge and desire to develop constantly, reaching new heights.
- Perceptual. Ability of the teacher to perception, that is he has to be able to distinguish the child's potential, his temperament and tendency to empathy.
- Speech. This type of abilities describes ability of the teacher correctly and well to express the thoughts. The rich lexicon, eloquence and so on is for this purpose important.
- Organizing. The teacher has to be able to make correctly the curriculum, to time on studying each subject and so on.
- Authoritative. The teacher has to hold authority with pupils what such lines are important for: insistence, ability to control emotions, responsibility and so on.
- Communicative. The teacher has to be able to find a common language with different people, and not only with children, but also with parents, and other teachers.
Special abilities
Understand a certain system of properties of the personality thanks to whom it is possible to receive excellent results in a concrete field of activity as such abilities. There are different types and levels of the abilities relating to special and process of their development is difficult and long. There is their certain classification: educational and creative, intellectual and physical.
Physical abilities
Understand readiness of people to carry out motive activity as it. Functionality of bodies and structures of an organism can be congenital and acquired. Finding out what are types of abilities, It should be noted that physical qualities differ from others in the fact that they are shown only at the solution of motive tasks. At each person they say differently, for example, some have the high rate of performance of a task, and others can perform long time operation.
There are certain types of physical abilities and these qualities five: speed, force, endurance, dexterity and flexibility. With their help it is possible to carry out characteristic of motive endowments of the person. Development of similar abilities happens under the influence of two factors: the individual program which is descended and social-and-ecological adaptation.
Creative abilities
Understand ability of the person to make creative decisions and to create the new ideas as this type of abilities. In usual life they are shown as the sharpness used for achievement of the goals and an exit from difficult situations. There are different types of creative abilities which are shown in numerous life situations:
- An opportunity to see what is not visible to other people.
- Ability to apply skills which were received for another to the solution of a task.
- Representing creative types of abilities, it is worth mentioning also ability to completely perceive reality, without splitting up it for parts.
- Simplicity of generation of the ideas and strong creative imagination.
Mathematical abilities
Everyone has congenital mathematical abilities thanks to which the person can estimate and compare quantity of objects, without carrying out the exact account, for example, automatically to choose the shortest turn in cash desk. All types of mental capacities and mathematical among them can be developed, using different practicians and trainings. Besides, it is worth noticing that improving mathematical skills of people, it is formed also elements of abilities to other adjacent types of activity.
Musical abilities
Individual abilities of the person which cause an opportunity to perceive, execute and compose music and also to study are called musical abilities. It is worth noticing that they are to a degree shown at all people and if they are pronounced, then it demonstrates musical endowments. There are certain types of musical abilities:
- LVL feeling. Here the ability of the person to feel emotionality of composition means. Applying this feeling the individual learns a melody and reacts to intonations of a sound.
- Acoustical representation. Understand an opportunity to reproduce melodies aurally as it. With its help it is possible to develop musical memory and imagination. Together with LVL feeling the acoustical representation forms the basis of harmonious hearing.
- Feeling of a rhythm. Describing types and types of abilities in music, it is impossible to ignore feeling of a rhythm thanks to which it is possible to feel actively an emotional component of a melody and with an accuracy to reproduce it aurally.
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