complex from several pyramids is in the suburb of Cairo, in Egypt. The pyramidal complex consists of Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops), Khafra's Pyramid, the Pyramid Menkaure, pyramids of queens, pyramids of the valley and sidewalks. The sphinx is east of pyramids and is located the person on the East.
Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops) – the largest of pyramids, the only wonder of the world which remained and up to now.
Initially height of Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops) was 145 meters (50 floors), but because of a collapse of the granite block at pyramid top (piramidion) height decreased up to 137 meters. Pyramid length – 230 meters. The pyramid consists of 2,300,000 stone cubes laid in 210 tiers. The weight of one stone – 2.5 tons, weight of the largest – 15 tons. Time of construction of pyramids is not known yet. There is a set of legends. According to one of versions, the pyramid was constructed in the 26th century BC by the Pharaoh Hufu (in Greek, Cheops). The relative and the Pharaoh's vizier – Hemuin was an architect of a pyramid. According to Herodotus the pyramid was built by 100,000 workers. They replaced each other each 3 months. The pyramid was under construction for 20-25 years. But modern scientists doubt that for construction of this miracle the Pharaoh needed so much labor. By their calculations for this purpose would be enough and 8,000 people who quietly would build a pyramid, without interfering with each other.
The reason and time of construction of Sfinks remains a riddle so far. It is supposed that it was built by the Pharaoh Hefren (Khafra) on the ground that stone blocks of the same size, as well as its pyramid. The person Sfinksa has no common features with the Pharaoh. It has the African lines. Whom Sfinks had to resemble it is not known yet. Assume that Sfinks's construction happened in the period of the Ancient kingdom. The lower part of Sfinks was exposed to an erosion as a result of long stay in water. The last flood in this area was 4-3 millennium BC at a boundary. It is Dodinastichesky or earlier period.
The size of the head of the Sphinx is small. Also there is a theory that earlier it was the sculpture of the head of a lion, but one of Pharaohs decided to cut instead of it the person. This version did not find recognition in the scientific environment. With time course the Sphinx was buried up to shoulders in sand. Two Pharaohs already tried to dig out it, but is ineffectual. In 1817 the Italians cleaned all breast of the Sphinx from sand. And in 1925 it was completely cleaned by means of sandy pumps.
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