majestic building on Sparrow Hills – Moscow State University. Certainly, each Muscovite is well familiar with it, and many of city visitors repeatedly noted that thorough beauty which is possessed by this well-known skyscraper. MSU – so it is also called in the people. Meanwhile, what it is about, is only one – though the main thing – from University buildings. Its history has roots in the distant past, and several hundreds of additional cases are scattered across all Moscow, on the cities of Russia today, and also over the countries of the former CIS.
MSU is not only the oldest university of the Russian Federation, but also the important scientific and cultural center playing the leading role in many aspects of activity of the whole group of scientists, students, and other categories of the fellow citizens belonging to science. The main building was at the place not since day of foundation – several times for the history University moved from place to place, and right at the beginning was something other is perfect. 1755 is considered date of its basis.
Then, in January of the 1755th, two visible scientific, cultural and the public figure of the Russian Empire – I.I. Shuvalov and M.V. Lomonosov offered the empress Elizabeth Petrovna the project on creation of the central university of the state. This issue was rather topical at that time because in overwhelming weight the young people from privileged estates were shipped on training outward, to them wrote out teachers besides from abroad, and representatives of not aristocratic layers could simply not graduate not to practice. The question of creation of own large education center became ripe in society for a long time.
The empress approved the project, and signed the decree on creation of the University. There was it on the Tatiana Day – since then this date became a peculiar professional holiday not only for students of MSU, but also for all students of Russia in general, and at the time of the USSR it extended also to youth from the republics. The university – and, together with it, both pupils, and professorate – received at once the special legal status. So, for example, representatives of professorate had a certain inviolability and could not be subject to any court except own, university. It is necessary to notice that the same practice was observed also in many countries of Europe. The management managed revenues of educational institution and comprehensively sought to improve both educational process, and conditions for students and teachers.
At the very beginning of the existence the University was located in the center of Moscow – at Red Square where today there is a Historical museum. Subsequently he moved to Moss where still there is one of buildings of modern MSU. During war of 1812 and the entry of the French army into Moscow, the building was partially destroyed and some part it strongly suffered from the fire, however capital repairs and restoration were made subsequently. Since then the University considerably expanded. It occupied still a number of cases, ranks of students increased many times over, and the best scientists of Russia were involved in educational process. However that building on Sparrow Hills with which at the inhabitant MSU is associated today appeared much later – in 40-hkh years of the XX century.
Actually, and the main building – only the part seen from far away huge on the area of the complex. Until recently the main building was considered as the highest building of Moscow of administrative and inhabited purpose (soon this place was taken by the Triumph constructed some time ago the Oriental carpet). Besides the main building, on Vorobyov there is still a set of cases, university library, and the impressive territory behind a trellised fencing where avenues are broken and there are busts of the famous scientists.
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The beginning of works on construction of the main building of MSU began soon after war – in 1948. It was developed within planned eight skyscrapers which project was offered personally by Stalin. The most prominent architects, engineers and designers of the Soviet Union worked on appearance and the general device of the building, many of which managed to get an education and to work some time in tsarist Russia. Before their hands created many known buildings and other constructions having and today important cultural value. Approached more the project of the main building of MSU, than seriously, and prior to construction a number of resolutions stipulating all conditions of works was adopted.
MSU is the building really enormous. Therefore before starting directly construction, long time earthwork lasted, and only the next year the first stone was solemnly put. Construction of this skyscraper was watched closely by Iosif Vissarionovich, and Beria supervised works directly.
Obviously, in view of the last fact about a skyscraper many legends go to Vorobyov. Tell also about multilevel cellars in which students shirkers, and about facing of separate elements of the building the marble taken from the Berlin Reichstag and about secret laboratories of KGB making mysterious experiments to MSU buildings allegedly vanished. Certainly, the vast majority of these stories – only inventions, however it is necessary to recognize that the building has the, special atmosphere.
Today in the main building of MSU university classes are. The building is perfectly equipped in terms of educational process, and opposite to it the up-to-date library is located. So, the university case combines both elements of the majestic past, and a present trend. Height of the main building together with a spire is 240 meters, and in it there is all necessary infrastructure – dining rooms, small sport center, the pool, hairdressing salons, mail and telegraph. The maximum number of storeys of the case – 32 floors, and in the side departing sections – on 19. At the same time, in the last there are apartments of teachers and the hostel for students.
Besides the main destination it carries out a row in functions in the field of meteorology, on it various antennas and sensors are located, and directly under a spire there is a museum where drive excursions from other HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS. Besides, the building quite often acts as an object of various laser and light shows. In close proximity to it bikers and street racers who disclose a roar of motors nearby lanes gather at night, and by the morning everything ceases, and groups of students hurry at a lecture again.