In mathematics there is a set of various symbols for simplification and reduction of the text. These are signs of actions – plus, minus, equally and also designations of more difficult calculations – a root, a factorial. All of them treat mathematical symbols or arithmetic signs.
Instruction
1. Arithmetic signs are symbols and designations which make certain mathematical operations with the arguments. There are fourteen main signs and a set additional and derivative.
2. Plus means summation, addition. Arguments of this operation are called composed and the sum. The plus makes one of the main mathematical operations – addition. 2 + 2 = 4.
3. The minus sign designates operation opposite to a plus – subtraction. 5 - 2 = 3 where 5 carries the name reduced, 2 – deductible, 3 – a difference. Also this sign is used for designation of negative numbers. A symbol minus, as well as plus, thought up at the German mathematical school for simplification of the text of calculations. Before symbols m (minus) and p (plus) were used.
4. The sign of multiplication is designated on the letter as a cross, a point or an asterisk. The oldest and widespread symbol of a cross was for the first time used in London by the English mathematician William Otred. Later the German mathematician Leibniz entered new designation of this sign – a tochechka as the cross was similar to the letter "X" therefore it is inconvenient in use. Jochann Rahn offered one more designation to the sign of multiplication – an asterisk.
5. Designation of the operator of division also has several versions. This colon, obelyus and virgule. In the majority of the countries and by the letter use a colon more often, on calculators the sign of an obelyus is represented, and for mathematical formulas the virgule is widespread.
6. The equal-sign is used not only in mathematics, but also in logic and other exact sciences where it is necessary to show identity and identity of two and more expressions. Otherwise the sign of inequality is used.
7. Brackets are the pair signs used in various fields of science. There are round, square, figured and angular brackets which are applied to writing of formulas and execution of the text.
8. Signs of comparison are used when writing inequalities. It is more, it is less, it is more or equally, it is less or equally, much more, are the main much less, but not all signs of comparison.>, =,>,
The sign of identity finds the application not only in mathematics, but also in other exact sciences, and means the equality right at any values of variables.
The root or the sign of the radical was for the first time used by the German mathematician in the 16th century. The sign of the radical comes from letter r of the Latin word radix that means "root".
The factorial on writing is identical to the exclamation mark. This symbol which is often applied in mathematics means the work of all natural numbers from 1 to n inclusive. The factorial is also used in the theory of numbers, combination theory and the functional analysis.
Also the sign of integration and the sign of exponentiation belong to the main arithmetic symbols the sign of an order (tilde), the sign plus or minus.
9. The sign of identity finds the application not only in mathematics, but also in other exact sciences, and means the equality right at any values of variables.
10. The root or the sign of the radical was for the first time used by the German mathematician in the 16th century. The sign of the radical comes from letter r of the Latin word radix that means "root".
11. The factorial on writing is identical to the exclamation mark. This symbol which is often applied in mathematics means the work of all natural numbers from 1 to n inclusive. The factorial is also used in the theory of numbers, combination theory and the functional analysis.
12. Also the sign of integration and the sign of exponentiation belong to the main arithmetic symbols the sign of an order (tilde), the sign plus or minus.