The analysis of operational performance is one of the main methods of the economic theory. He allows to estimate all processes at the enterprise in terms of improvement of their financial return. For example, for assessment of change of volume of goods turnover the index of physical volume is used.
Instruction
1. The index of physical volume – the generalizing indicator of turnover of products at the enterprise. It is used for assessment of dynamics of quite difficult process, goods turnover includes several components: heterogeneity of goods, the prices of various product names, the number of the realized units.
2. The index of physical volume represents comparison of goods turnover for the reporting and basic periods. Turnover of products, as a rule, includes sale not of one, but several names. Each name, in turn, has the price of a commodity unit.
3. For this reason it is simple to compare two total number of the sold goods will be the wrong decision. It is connected with the fact that the production volume realized during every period of time is non-uniform. In this period more units of one name, in the following – another are on sale. Therefore for equilibration of two compared sizes enter the prices of the basic period into calculation.
4. To find the index of physical volume, it is necessary to put in numerator of the work of volumes of each type of goods in the current period on the cost of its unit in basic, and in a denominator - works of volumes of each type of goods in the basic period on unit price in reporting: Inx = Σ(Q1*Pr0)/Σ(Q0*Pr0), where: Q1 is the volume of goods turnover of the reporting period, Q0 is the volume of goods turnover of the basic period, Pr0 are the prices of the basic period.
5. The index of physical volume is measured in % and shows how goods cost in process of increase or reduction of the outputs changed. This size – an important indicator for the analysis of overall performance of the enterprise as it reflects quality of production. Depending on its value, the enterprise can draw a conclusion on correctness of the economic policy, make the decision on its change, for example, to reduce the cost of goods or to increase publicity expenses.