Before metal is embodied in a concrete product, it has to pass a long way. And everything begins with the ordinary-looking piece of rock found by geologists. Metallic ores consist of ore substance and dead rock. After enrichment process, ore goes to melting.
Instruction
1. Cast iron is received from four types of iron ores – red, brown, shpatovy and magnetic iron ore which differ from each other in iron percentage. Cast iron is melted in huge blast furnaces with manganese addition. In the beginning load coke into it then layers – agglomerate and coke. Agglomerate represents specially prepared ore baked with gumboil. Melting of cast iron is provided with inflation in a horn of the warmed air and the oxygen creating temperature necessary for this purpose. In particular, give oxygen to the ring pipe surrounding the lower part of the furnace and from there on tubes through special openings in a horn – furma – to a horn.
2. In a horn there is a combustion of coke to formation of CO2 which then rises through layers of the heated coke and, interacting with it, carbon oxide forms CO–. It also restores a considerable part of ore, again turning into CO2. Remember that restoration of ore happens generally at the top of the mine.
3. In order that will get rid of unnecessary impurity, use gumboil with which in interaction they turn into slag. In the course of ore restoration, iron becomes firm. Falling in raspar – hotter part of the furnace – iron mixes up with carbon therefore cast iron turns out.
4. The melted cast iron flows down in a horn, and slags form the film protecting cast iron from oxidation on its surface. The melted weight in process of accumulation merges through special openings which in the course of melting are closed up with clay. For acceleration of process of melting of iron ore practice giving in the blast furnace of the air enriched with oxygen that exempts from need of its preliminary heating. Blast furnaces where this technology is used, look more compactly, their performance is one and a half times higher and they need one quarter less coke.