The equivalent (from Greek "equivalent") is a separate subject, group of objects or their certain quantity which are equivalent or correspond to other objects of any certain characteristics and can express or replace them.
Instruction
1. There are several options of use of the term "equivalent". In economic disciplines the equivalent is one goods which express in itself(himself) the cost of other goods. The general equivalent are money since it is possible to measure the cost of any goods in them. Historically definition of an equivalent was especially important when comparing several goods for the purpose of their subsequent interchange. Initially after use only of barter economic relationship as the general equivalent, i.e. a subject to which it would be possible to compare all goods the most various objects were applied: cattle, ingots of certain metals, fur of fur animals. Definition of own equivalent took place at single groups in connection with national, geographical, economic peculiarities of life in any given area. Gradually money became an equivalent of all goods.
2. In natural sciences the equivalent is quantity of a certain element, real or conditional which can connect to hydrogen (1 part) and has ability to accept or give a single negative or positive charge in chemical compounds. There is a concept of an electrolytic equivalent which defines strict communication between the electricity which passed through a certain solution of electrolytes and spread out under the influence of electric current of substance.
3. In technical science concepts an equivalent of network and an equivalent of the antenna which represent the technical devices replacing with themselves real prototypes for definition of tests of devices are used.
4. In linguistics - it is the speech unit (word, a phrase) capable to completely replace other unit of the speech - i.e. an equivalent word. For example: "carelessly" - it an equivalent of a word is "negligent".
5. In psychology there is a concept "principle of equivalence". It actions in consciousness of the person which belong to one subgroup of excitement and can be interchanged.