Radioactive isotopes are the types of a certain chemical element with a different relative weight having ability to emit various particles and electromagnetic radiation.
Application in medicine
These substances found big application in various applied areas, in particular, in medicine for today. They are used both for treatment, and for diagnosis of diseases. For example, as therapy of the Bazedovy disease of a thyroid gland radioactive iodine-131 is used. In this case it is recommended to enter high doses of it elements as they promote destruction of abnormal fabrics owing to what the structure of body is restored, and with it and function. Iodine is widely applied also to diagnostics of a condition of a thyroid gland. At its introduction to an organism on the screen of the monitor the adjournment speed in cages is estimated on the basis of what the diagnosis is made.
For diagnostics of violations of blood circulation the large role is played by sodium isotopes.
Most often in everyday life cobalt isotopes, in particular cobalt-60 are applied to treatment of tumoral diseases. It found application in radio surgery during creation" cobalt guns, in a dezinfektologiya for sterilization of medical tools, materials. In general it is accepted to call all methods of a research of internals by means of similar elements radio isotope. Isotopes can be applied also to receiving useful microorganisms. And those are a basis of synthesizing of antibacterial means.
Use in the industry and agriculture
Radioactive isotopes and in other fields of activity of the person are of great importance. In the machine-building industry with their help define degree of wear of various details in engines. It is possible to determine the speed of diffusion of metals in blast furnaces by them. The important direction is a defectoscopy. By means of similar chemical elements it is possible to investigate structure of details, including metal. By means of radioactive isotopes create new grades of agricultural plants. Besides, it is scientifically proved that gamma irradiation promotes increase in productivity of cultures, increases their resistance to adverse factors. These substances found broad application in selection. At fertilizer of plants use method at which they are marked with radioactive phosphorus and estimate efficiency of fertilizers. Owing to everything it is possible to draw a conclusion that radioactive isotopes are applied here many fields of activity. They have properties which the same elements do not have with normal atomic mass.