One-piece compound of metals is necessary in any industry. One of ways of its implementation - welding. Thanks to development of the current technologies, several its ways are developed.
Ways of welding in the modern industry there are several dozen, however everything them can be classified by technological, physical, technical signs (GOST19521-74). If strictly to follow technical definitions, then welding call a method of receiving one-piece connection of metal elements (from the 2nd and more). At the same time details can be alloyed, deformed (by means of heating or without it).
Technical signs
Ways of protection of metal in the field of welding, plus the continuity of process, extent of its mechanization concern them. Welding can be made in the open air, in the environment of protective gases, in a vacuum, about use of gumboil or foam. Also protection of metal can be carried out by a combined method. From protective gases use active chemical elements: hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium, argon and also water vapor and gas mix. The melted metal in the field of welding can be in the controllable, artificially created atmosphere or to be the protected jet method. The last option of protection can be unilateral (only from an arch) or bilateral (from a seam and an arch). Also, according to technical signs, welding is faltering, continuous, automatic, automated, mechanized or manual.
Physical and technological signs
The weld joint can be formed by various forms of energy; in this regard, there is a classification meaning division of process of welding into three classes: Mechanical: process of a svarivaniye happens by means of mechanical energy, pressure. Similar welding is called ultrasonic, cold, magnetic pulse. Here the way of a svarivaniye by means of explosion and friction belongs. Thermomechanical: here the ways of a svarivaniye meaning use of pressure, thermal energy belong; namely, - oven, termitno-press, induction and press, gas pressure, induction, diffusive, thermal-compression, dugopressovy, contact, shlakopressovy bonding. Thermal: a svarivaniye with melting use, - electroslag, light, induction, ion-beam, electron beam, light, gas, foundry, thermite, arc, plasma and beam welding and also process of compound of metals by means of the smoldering category. On technological signs the process of a svarivaniye means division into arc, electron beam, light, gas, contact, oven, plasma and beam, ultrasonic and cold welding.