Integral part of any measurement is some error. It represents quality characteristic of accuracy of the conducted research. In a representation form it can be absolute and relative.
It is required to you
- - calculator.
Instruction
1. Errors of physical measurements are subdivided into systematic, accidental and rough. The first are called by factors which work equally at repeated repetition of measurements. They are constant or naturally change. They can be called by the wrong installation of the device or imperfection of the chosen measurement method.
2. The second arise from influence of the reasons, and accidental character. It is possible to refer the wrong rounding at calculation of indications to them and influence of the environment. If such mistakes it is much less, than divisions of a scale of this device of measurement, then as an absolute error it is expedient to take a half of division.
3. The miss or a rough error represents result of observation which differs from all others markedly.
4. The absolute error of the brought closer numerical value is the difference between the result received during measurement and true value of the measured size. The true or valid value most precisely reflects the studied physical quantity. This error is the simplest quantitative measure of a mistake. It can be calculated by the following formula: kh = Hisl - Hist. It can accept positive and negative value. For bigger understanding we will review an example. At school 1205 studying, when rounding up to 1200 absolute error equals: ∆ = 1200 - 1205 = 5.
5. There are certain rules of calculation of an error of sizes. First, the absolute error of the sum of two independent sizes is equal to the sum of their absolute errors: ∆ (X + Y) = kh + ∆ Y. Similar approach is applicable for the difference of two errors. It is possible to use a formula: ∆(Х-Y) = kh + ∆ Y.
6. The amendment represents the absolute error taken with the return sign: p = - ∆. It is used for an exception of a systematic error.