Cellar – the perfect place for storage of preserved foods and also potatoes, carrots and other autumn vegetables. Usually temperature varies from +2 to +4 degrees. Not to spend money for builders, it is necessary to understand how to make a cellar in the private house with own hands. If the building does not provide the cellar, then it is better to be engaged in construction on the street.
It is the best of all to start construction in summertime and also it is not less important to pick up correctly the place for construction. Interests many how to make a cellar dry, in that case it is worth giving advice that it is the best of all to choose the height as the suitable place. Thanks to it the risk of emergence of destructions will decrease and also it will be possible not to be afraid of influence of ground and underground waters.
How it is correct to make a cellar?
For a start It is necessary to tell about what completely buried or by halves buried a cellar can be done only if bedding of ground waters has depth more than 2 m.
How to make a cellar:
- For a start it is necessary to clear away the territory from possible garbage and vegetation. After that the marking, and the most optimum parameters, according to professionals becomes, such values are: the maximum width – 4 m, depth – 1.2-2 m, and here it is possible to choose length on the taste. The place where the ladder will be located, has to be under a bias. When walls and a floor are ideally leveled, it is possible to pass to the next stage.
- Now it is worth understanding how to make a cellar waterproofing as it is very important stage. At first it is necessary to fill crushed stone, thickness of a layer has to be about 50 mm. Then there is a layer of sand which should be stamped and leveled. The following layer – roofing material and the reinforcing grid. Now prepare the solution consisting from: parts of cement, four parts of crushed stone and three parts of sand. Pour out solution, considering that the minimum thickness of a concrete layer has to be 60 mm.
- We will do walls of concrete for what it is necessary to build a timbering and to fix in it a film or the roofing material intended for a waterproofing of walls. After that it is necessary to fill in concrete solution in a timbering. That there were no seams, it is important to distribute concrete evenly on all perimeter.
- It is possible to pass to facing of walls and in this master class concrete blocks are used. Besides, it is possible to take a stone, a brick and wooden bars. Council: it is possible to insert during a laying corners or a profile pipe at distance of 0.7 m across and verticals. It will allow to simplify considerably installation of racks as on the put details it will be necessary only to put boards.
- We will make overlapping of a cellar, using metal rolling. Consider that overlapping has to lean on walls therefore its perimeter has to be more than the area of the basis. Take suitable pieces of a channel and spread out them on perimeter with a step to 50 cm. Weld fittings, and both in parallel, and in the perpendicular direction. As a result have to it turned out identical rectangles of 25х25 cm. The following step – mount a timbering from boards, and from above cover it with a film. It is important to understand how to make in a cellar an outlet, that is ventilation, and it has to be both exhaust, and incoming. For this purpose establish two galvanized or asbestos pipes with a diameter about 150 mm. One has to be located under a ceiling, and the second is a little higher from a floor. For lighting do not forget to enter a box with wires.
- That overlapping did not cave in under concrete weight, it is necessary to execute installation of props, and on 1 sq.m 1 piece has to leave. After that it is possible to fill in solution, it is important that it filled all emptiness. As a result the plate about 30 cm high has to turn out. By the way, the cooled-down design can serve as the strong base.
It was necessary only to put heat-insulating material and also a layer of clay and soil, and it is possible to construct an elevated part of a cellar depending on the taste. Do not forget to make a cover and a ladder.