The distance is measured by means of various devices. Range finders, roulettes, rulers and other devices are applied to direct distances. It is possible to apply roller range finders (curvimeters) to measurement of any trajectories. Also distances can be counted if parameters of the motion of bodies overcoming these distances are known.
It is required to you
- - ruler;
- - roulette;
- - laser range finder;
- - roller range finder;
- - stop watch.
Instruction
1. To measure small distance in a straight line, use a usual ruler. Lay it to the measured piece and, comparing it to a scale on a ruler, find its length. For long distances, about dozens of meters, use a roulette.
2. Pull it along the line which is measured, and compare length of this line to a scale which is applied on a roulette. Measure by this way distances on indirect lines, watching that the roulette precisely repeated all their bends. Long distances, about hundreds of meters on a straight line, measure by means of laser range finders.
3. Direct the device to an object to which distance needs to be measured, include it, and on its display it will be immediately possible to see its value. Measure lengths of indirect lines by means of roller range finders (curvimeters). You roll a wheel on the line and on the special counter, depending on quantity of turns of a wheel it is possible to see distances.
4. These devices can be small, for measurement of distances on the card, and can put about dozens of kilometers for measurement of distances. The device of this kind is built in in a car speedometer. On wheel turns it calculates the passable distance. On modern cars they can measure distances to 100000 km.
5. In case the body moves on a circle to find its length, it is enough to measure radius, and then to increase it by number 6.28. If the constant speed of the movement of a body is known, then the distance can be calculated. For this purpose by means of a stop watch measure time which was required to a body to overcome required distance. Then length of a way will be equal to the work of speed for a while.
6. Apply the same calculation in case the average speed of the movement and time of passing of a way is known. At the uniformly accelerated movement, with the known initial speed of V0 and acceleration of a, during t the body will pass the distance equal to the sum of the work of initial speed for time and half of performing acceleration for S time square = V0 • t+a • t²/2.