Zinc chloride – the chemical compound of white color having hygroscopicity. It is well soluble in water, in a dry form has crystal structure. Has the chemical properties characteristic of soluble salts of zinc. It can be received by dissolution of zinc or its oxide in hydrochloric acid, heating of liquid zinc in chlorine current, by replacement by zinc of other metals from their connections (chlorides).
Instruction
1. An industrial method of receiving – dissolution of zinc and its connections in hydrochloric acid. The burned ore can act as initial material. Further the received solution is evaporated since water or flying gases will be the final product, except zinc chloride. Zn + 2 HCl = ZnCl ₂ + H ₂↑ ZnO + 2 HCl = ZnCl ₂ + H₂OZnS + 2 HCl = ZnCl ₂ + H₂S ↑
2. Other industrial way of receiving ZnCl ₂ - heating of liquid zinc in chlorine current. For this purpose the granulated zinc melt at a temperature of 419.6 °C (zinc melting temperature) of .Zn + Cl ₂ =t = ZnCl ₂
3. In laboratory, chloride of zinc can be received effect of pure zinc on solutions of chlorides of some metals. Those metals which stand more to the right of zinc in an electrochemical number of tension will be forced out by it from connections. The most widespread metals which are a part of reactants – iron, copper, mercury and silver. For carrying out reaction in a test tube pour a small amount of solution of chloride of iron (copper, mercury or silver). Then lower in a test tube of a granule of pure zinc or a zinc plate.2 of FeCl ₃ + 3 Zn = 3 ZnCl ₂ + 2 FeT. to. solution of chloride of iron III has yellow coloring, after carrying out reaction solution will become colourless, and pure iron will drop out in a deposit. It will be visual confirmation of uspeshy carrying out reaction.CuCl ₂ + Zn = ZnCl ₂ + CuHgCl ₂ + Zn = ZnCl ₂ + Hg2 AgCl + Zn = ZnCl ₂ + 2 Ag
4. Other laboratory method of receiving chloride of zinc – effect of chlorides of metals or hydrochloric acid on compounds of zinc. For carrying out reaction pour the calculated amount of hydroxide of zinc in a test tube, add equivalent amount of hydrochloric acid. After carrying out reaction of neutralization, colourless solution of chloride of zinc is formed. If you need to receive substance in a dry form, pour solution in a vyparitelny cup and put on an electric tile. After evaporation there has to be a white deposit or a raid on walls of a test tube .Zn (OH) ₂ + 2 HCl = ZnCl ₂ + 2 NONeobhodimoe amount of sulfate of zinc pour in a test tube and add barium chloride. At the correct calculation of substance will react among themselves completely (without the rest) and the final products will be divided. Sulfate of barium will drop out in a deposit, and chloride of zinc will remain in solution. You can filter a deposit, and to evaporate solution. ZnSO ₄ + BaCl ₂ = ZnCl ₂ + BaSO ₄↓