The noun is an independent part of speech. It answers questions who? or what? also designates a subject. The noun can be practically any sentence part: both the main thing – a subject or a predicate, and minor – addition, definition or a circumstance.
Noun as the principal parts of the sentence
The main members in the offer or its basis are the subject and a predicate. They are closely connected with each other. The subject answers questions of the Nominative case: who or that. For example: ""Came (what?) fall" "." "Pupils (who?) were prepared for a lesson"". Most often the subject is expressed by a noun in the Nominative case. ""Densely went (what?) snow"".
The predicate – the second principal part of the sentence which, as a rule, is connected with a subject and answers questions: what does the subject do what happens to it, who is he such, what it? Predicates are simple verbal and compound.
The compound personalized predicate usually consists of a link-verb and a personalized part which expresses the major lexical meaning of a predicate.
In a compound personalized predicate a personalized part can be also expressed to nouns. For example: ""She is my sister" "." "She was my sister"". In the first offer a noun "sister" costs in the Nominative case and is a predicate, and in the second offer the noun in an instrumental case "sister" is a personalized part of a compound predicate "was a sister". The noun with a pretext or without, standing in an oblique case can be a predicate. For example: ""It without penny"". Here "without penny" - a predicate. It can be also expressed by an integral phrase in which the main word is the noun in a genitive case (in value of quality standard). For example: ""This young man of high growth"". In this offer a phrase of "the high growth" - a predicate.
The secondary parts of the sentence expressed by a noun
The words explaining in the offer the main and other members are called secondary parts of the sentence. On grammatical meanings allocate addition, definition and a circumstance. Most often the noun in the offer is addition. This is the minor member designating a subject and answering questions of oblique cases. For example: ""At school I chose to myself (what?) profession"". The noun "profession" in this offer costs in an accusative case and is addition. It can be also expressed by an indivisible phrase which joins nouns in oblique cases. For example: ""For winter vacation Masha went to the grandfather with the grandmother"". Here the phrase "grandfather with the grandmother" is addition.
The special type of definition – the application is always expressed by a noun which is put in the same case, as the defined word. For example: ""On a threshold the watchman old man appeared"". A noun "old man" - the application.
Other secondary part of the sentence – definition, designating signs of a subject, answers questions: what and whose? It can be also expressed by a noun or syntactically integral phrase (noun and an adjective). For example: ""Hunting (what?) with a dog it is fine"". The noun "with a dog" in this offer is definition. Or: ""The room was entered by the woman (what?) high growth"". Here as definition the indivisible phrase of "the high growth" acts. The circumstance answers questions: how, why, when, why? It explains a predicate or other sentence parts and designates sign of action or other sign. It can be also expressed by a noun. For example: ""Masha (as?) with curiosity considered the book" "." "Three maidens under a window spun (when?) late in the evening" "." "For joy (why?) she clapped the hands"".