There is only one biggest and deepest ocean at the same time. It is the Pacific Ocean. It washes coast of many countries which inhabitants thanks to it survive, live or enjoy a course of life. And it provides to all ships the place for free floating.
General information
The Pacific Ocean is the biggest ocean on Earth. Occupies about 33% of its surface and contains more than 50% of all sea water.
He received the name after F. Magellan's swimming on his waters in 1520. For that period the ocean was quiet therefore the Portuguese seafarer characterized it as "pacific" (silent).
In the Pacific Ocean there is a so-called "Fiery ring" consisting of a set of volcanoes.
On the total number (about 10 thousand) and the area of islands the Pacific Ocean is considered the first among all other oceans. The most part of large island lands is in the South and the West of the ocean. Main of them – New Zealand both the Japanese and Malayan archipelagoes.
The amount of precipitation which drops out in the Pacific Ocean exceeds evaporation. Over 30 thousand cubic meters of water annually come to it (it taking into account a river drain). Therefore a surface water of the Pacific Ocean has lower salinity, than other oceans. On average, its size is 34.58 ‰.
Average temperature of the waters located in the top layers of the biggest ocean is equal to 19, 37 °C that is 2 °C higher than temperature of waters of the Indian and Atlantic oceans.
The deepest place
Average depth of the ocean is approximately equal to 4 thousand m. And the deepest place is the Mariana Trench which is located to the southwest from the island of Guam and extends on 2400 km. The deepest place of the hollow is the gorge with the name "Call to Depth" reaching 11033 m. It already much more, than height of Mount Everest, equal 8848 m. For the first time depth of a trench was measured in 1957 by the vessel Vityaz: 11022 m. In the next years the hollows given about depth were specified.
Ecological situation
The American scientists conducted researches on pollution of the Pacific Ocean and established that in its northern part in the early eighties of the last century millions of packages made of plastic floated. Plastic and glass bottles was too enough to be disturbed for an ecological situation: 35 million and 70 million respectively. Also other plastic products floated. Near all these things, widespread in life, in the ocean it was possible to observe articles of clothing. For example, old boots. Their quantity reached 5 million. All these figures in this century will be able to increase several times as also navigation by the seas became more frequent, and the industry with science was accelerated by rates of the development, and calculations became for certain more high-quality.
The glorified scientist of Norway the Heyerdal Tour, floating in 1947 on a raft of "Kon-Tiki" through the Pacific Ocean, on the way did not meet any pollution. And already in 1969, crossing the Atlantic Ocean by the boat made of papyrus he observed that even in its central part throughout 1400 miles water was covered with an oil film.