Endokard is one of three covers of heart along with a myocardium and epikardy. Health of this cover is extremely important for the person as heart is a vital which needs to be protected.
Endokard represents the internal cover of heart covering from within an auricle (departments to which blood from veins) and ventricles comes (departments which pump over blood from auricles in an artery). Endokard comes from the Greek words from ""endo"" - inside and ""cardia"" - heart. The cover is formed by single-layer layer of flat cages - an endothelium, and outside covered with friable connecting fabric with smooth muscle fibers. One of important functions of an endokard - formation of folds: atrial and ventricular valves, valves of a pulmonary trunk and aorta. Thanks to a smooth external cover of an endokard, outflow of blood which goes through heart happens not difficult, also it interferes with formation of blood clots.
Next layers of an endokard
Over endokardy the middle cover of heart - a myocardium is located. It is the thickest and functional part of a warm wall. Main forming a myocardium - cross-striped muscle tissue. The cover consists of kardiomitsit - muscle cells of heart which are connected by a set of the crossing points called inserted disks. These crossing points connect cages in muscle fibers (complexes) which make uzkopletisty network. The myocardium provides sokratitelny function of heart.
Over a myocardium is epikard - an outer layer of a wall of heart which like a film covers a myocardium. It is very thin and transparent. Epikard is also an internal part of an epikard - a fibrous and serous bag in which there is heart. In structure of an epikard three layers: collagenic, elastichesky and collagenic elastichesky. The myocardium allows heart to slide freely in a warm bag.
Endocarditis
Endocarditis - the disease which is characterized by inflammation of an endokard. Causes of an endocarditis a little: diffusion diseases of connecting fabric, trauma, allergic reaction, intoxication, infection. The disease can affect people of any age, however men get into risk group 50 years are more senior. Those who have congenital cardiac pathologies, artificial heart valves have a predisposition to an endocarditis, earlier had an endocarditis, underwent an operation on heart transplantation, faced a cardiomyopathy, did intravenous infections of narcotic medicines, passed sessions of clarification of kidneys (hemodialysis), is sick with a syndrome of an immunodeficiency of the person. The disease can prove suddenly, however most often begins imperceptibly. Carry to the main symptoms of an endocarditis: high temperature, noise in heart, muscle pains, bleedings and hemorrhages under nails, the burst vessels in eyes and on skin, breast pains, cough, headaches, short wind, existence of small "small knots" on fingers of hands or legs, perspiration at night, swelled hands, legs and a stomach, weakness and weight loss. The cardiologist is engaged in diagnosis and treatment of a disease.