The idea of cleaning of surfaces due to absorption of dust arose in the middle of the 19th century. Approximately at the same time the principle of a design of the vacuum cleaner was developed. But long time such device could not enter daily life as demanded a compact and economic power source which appeared only at the beginning of the last century.
Instruction
1. In 1860 the American innovator D. Hess took out the patent on "the subthrower of carpets" which can be considered the first vacuum cleaner. The device offered by the inventor from Iowa had the rotating brush which the complex and imperfect system for creation of an air flow joined. Having passed through furs, air was purified then in the water camera where settled dirt and dust. Most likely, this car did not find application as there are no certificates on its mass production.
2. In several years the original design of the vacuum cleaner was offered by the inventor from Chicago A. Makgaffni. Its device for collecting dust was rather easy and small by the sizes, here it was only inconvenient to put it into practice, the worker had to push the device on a floor and at the same time twist the handle connected to the fan by means of the belt drive.
3. By the end of the 19th century the vacuum cleaner received the petrol engine. Now the cleaner did not need to twist the fan handle, but the motor did the device bulky and slow. At the same time inventors tried to improve that part of a system which was responsible for direct contact with a surface of a floor or a carpet, trying to connect several brushes rotating diversely.
4. First inventors considered more perspective those designs of the cleaning cars which did not soak up air, and blew off it from a surface. There is a legend according to which at the beginning of the last century the British engineer Hubert Booth was present at solemn demonstration of the unusual car which blew dust from an old carpet. Having noticed that the audience in the forefront of representation has a fit of coughing, Booth during a break came behind the scenes and suggested organizers to change the scheme of the car, having forced it to soak up dust.
5. Hubert Booth spent a lot of time to carry out the idea independently. In August, 1901 he took out the corresponding patent for the vacuum cleaner model which received the name "Fyrchashchy Billey". The car used gasoline, had the powerful vacuum pump and impressive dimensions. Booth's vacuum cleaner was usually parked near the house then wore out flexible hoses through which the team of workers removed dust to the apartment.
6. Only in several years the vacuum cleaners became so practical that could move from the street to houses. Such opportunity appeared when the vacuum cleaner of a design of Booth was equipped with the compact electric motor. The device began to work more effectively and any more did not make that noise which was characteristic of internal combustion engines.