In Long's past was for people not the space satellite of Earth, but the heavenly goddess, she patronized all night, romantic and poetic. In the poems and songs the people addressed the Moon, as the Muse. But there passed time, and it became clear to the person that the Moon is a space object, it was even succeeded to visit its surface.
Since ancient times of Long was very mysterious for people. Why it succeeds the Sun, lights everything around, but not evenly every day, and changing within a month? The shadow appears after the Moon went through a full moon stage, and every day the area of a night star everything decreases. After all, it is possible to see absolutely thin sickle, and then for several months also it vanishes. But for a while. The mysterious nature of a moonlight found the explanation. The moon shines at night, not so brightly as the Sun in the afternoon, but nevertheless doing objects well distinguishable. It is not a star and does not radiate light itself, but can reflect others luminescence. If one side of Earth is lit with bright sunlight, then another is in a shadow, but the Moon reflects light which gets on it, lighting with that and the earth's surface. The moon rotates around Earth, and that, in turn, turns around around the Sun therefore their relative positioning changes daily. When all half of the Moon lit with the Sun is visible from Earth – there comes the full moon. If the Moon appears directly between the Sun and Earth, then it reflects nothing and it it is not visible, this new moon. The moon has no atmosphere which would help to support on it more or less constant temperature. When one its half is lit with the Sun for two weeks, the surface heats up more there, than to 100 degrees Celsius. Then there comes moonlight night when on any part side of the Moon light does not get at all, then temperature falls up to-200 degrees Celsius there. Will seem to the observer from Earth that the Moon lights Earth at night, but also also the converse is right. When on the surface of the Moon the sun does not get, light reflected from Earth in the same way lights it. There is the known expression: dark side of the moon. It does not mean at all that one half of the satellite cannot reflect light. The reason is that the Moon rotates too round its pivot-center therefore it is always turned to Earth only by one party. People long guessed what is on other side of the Moon, but when space flights gained the development, the mood forcing to forget about everything that is known about this space object to science was succeeded to photograph the image.