Thunderstorm – the powerful and beautiful natural phenomenon, usually not the events in the winter. Very often the thunderstorm is considered the brightest sign of approach of the real spring.
That there was a thunderstorm, three single factors – pressure difference, energy and a thunderstorm are necessary. A power source is heat of the sun which releases huge amount of energy during vapor condensation. In the winter of solar heat it is not enough for obtaining enough energy therefore the thunderstorm cannot be formed.
Thundercloud
The full-fledged storm cloud consists of huge amount of steam, its considerable part is condensed in the form of small pieces of ice or tiny drops. The highest point of a storm cloud is at the height of six-seven kilometers, and the lower point is raised above the ground only by half a kilometer.
Because of continuous interaction of streams of cold and warm air (the ascending streams from the heated Earth's surface) small pieces of ice and drops are in the constant movement. Easier small small pieces of ice rise with the ascending currents of air, they move upward where face large fragments of ice. Each such collision leads to electrization. At the same time small small pieces of ice turn out positive electric charge, and large – negative. After a while all small small pieces of ice turn out in the top part of a storm cloud, and large – below. Thus, the top of a cloud receives a positive charge, and a bottom – negative. Energy of the ascending air is transformed to electric energy of different charges, after that there is a so-called breakdown of air with which the negative charge of the lower part of a storm cloud passes to the earth.
The ascending air flows
That the storm cloud began to be formed, the rising streams of damp and warm air are necessary. The difference of temperatures influencing the ascending streams is based on how the Earth's surface and the next to it an air layer well gets warm. Respectively the intensity of the ascending air flow is much higher in the summer as during this time the Earth's surface, so, and the next to it the layer of air gets warm most well. Air temperature at height several kilometers is always identical. In the winter the difference of temperatures between "land" and high layers of air is minimum, and most often land air insufficiently damp. The lack of a necessary difference in temperatures does not lead to formation of a storm cloud. In the modern world there are serious climate changes which can lead to the fact that in the future it will be possible to see the real heavy rain in the winter with a thunderstorm and sharp flashes of lightnings so the thunderstorm will stop being attribute of the coming spring.