Many consider that the era of engines and steamships passed irrevocably. However it not absolutely so. Historical reconstruction again in fashion, fans restore technical devices of all times and the people. It is possible not only to use the steam engine as the visual aid in physics and history of the equipment. With its help it is possible to set in motion model, the small electric generator and even the stylish player for vinyl records.
It is required to you
- - brass sleeve with a diameter of 16 mm;
- - steel wire;
- - tin can;
- - lead;
- - steel wire;
- - fine river sand;
- - scraps of brass and iron;
- - obsolete copper coins;
- - copper tube from the old fridge;
- - fixture;
- - joiner's, metalwork and measuring tools;
- - tree.
Instruction
1. Take a brass sleeve. Measure 5 cm from an open part and make a tag. Insert a wooden stick which diameter is equal to diameter of a sleeve into a sleeve. Saw off a tube on a tag.
2. From the same edge from which you measured tube length lay off 1.5 cm. Make a ring-shaped mark. Drill on a tag of 4-6 openings with a diameter of 2.5-3 mm. It is better to arrange them on all ring, at approximately equal distances from each other.
3. On a bottom of a can vertically put the turned-out cylinder. Fill up it with pitch outside and from within so that from the surface of sand to the top edge of a cylinder there were slightly more than 1.5 cm.
4. Make the circle equal to the internal diameter of a cylinder of iron. Put it on a bottom of the part acting over sand. Put all design for about 15-20 minutes in a hot oven.
5. While preparation of the steam engine gets warm, take a steel wire with a diameter of 2 mm bend from it a bracket in the form of letter G. Its long party equals 1 cm, the top crossbeam - 5 mm. Bend the end of the top crossbeam down, having made a hook 2 mm long. You obludit the long end of a bracket tin or solder on distance of 5 mm.
6. Melt lead and pour in it in a cylinder. Until lead still liquid, take passatizham a bracket and accurately ship it the long end in lead so that its top crossbeam was in the middle of casting, and the hook did not reach about 2 mm the level of a surface of lead.
7. When lead stiffens, sort a design and shake out sand. At you the piston and a cylinder of future engine turned out. Accurately beat out the piston from a cylinder and remove an iron plate. It is not required to you any more. Smooth out the piston so that it densely entered a cylinder, but at the same time would move on it rather easily.
8. Take a piece of brass 1.5-2 mm thick. Cut out from it a plate 5 cm long and 0.6 cm wide. Having receded from one end of 3 mm, from the second - 4 mm, drill through openings diameter respectively of 2 and 3 mm. The made detail is called ""connecting rod"". Put on the connecting rod through an opening in 2 mm a piston bracket.
9. Razvaltsuyte the end of a cylinder from which you took measurements so that the piston freely entered it. Make a cylinder cover of a piece of brass or the ground copper coin. Find its center and make an opening with a diameter slightly more than 3 mm in this place.
10. Find the screw with a diameter of 3 mm and a head ""potay"" (conic). The best to take the brass screw about 1.5 cm long with crosswise to vents. At such screws of vents does not go beyond a head. Proceeding from the sizes of a conic part of the valve, make a countersink on a cover of a cylinder and densely grind in a screw hat to a zazenkovanny surface. Final length of a rod of the valve is selected at adjustment of the engine. At the same time the screw is usually shortened.
11. Take that part of a sleeve which you did not use for a cylinder. In an installation site kapsulya drill openings under a tube of an admission of steam. Its diameter is equal to the external diameter of a tube from the fridge (it can be replaced with a piece of a metal core from a ball pen).
12. Insert a piece of a metal tube 3-4 cm long into an opening of an admission of steam and slightly to a razvaltsuyta a tube from within. Take it, you obludit a razvaltsovanny part outside and an opening in a sleeve. Again collect a design and carefully solder parts among themselves.
13. Make an axis 6 cm long of a piece of a steel wire with a section of 4 mm. Get on it on the one hand a flywheel. It can be taken from the old tape recorder or the manual sewing machine and also to cast from lead. It looks as a disk with a diameter of 6 cm and 1.5 cm thick. He has to sit strongly and not rotate.
14. Make a crank in the form of a disk with a diameter of 3 cm of brass or iron and 0.25 cm thick. At distance of 12 mm from the center fix a core of the 3-mm screw. Strictly get a crank on an axis.
15. Make the bed of wooden bars. Fix on it all design. The cylinder fastens by means of collars, and an axis with a flywheel and a crank - on sliding bearings. Adjust the engine so that space height between the piston and a cover of a cylinder was not less than a half of a piston stroke.
16. Solder a box of an admission of steam from above to a cylinder cover. Pay attention to that at the top position of the piston the valve did not jump out of a cover.