Pasynkovaniye of tomatoes is removal of excess side escapes from bush. Timely and correct forming tomato, both in the open ground, and in the greenhouse, will allow plant to direct forces to fructification. Otherwise the tomato bush will increase excessive green material and will not manage to create fruits.
Whether it is obligatory to pasynkovat tomatoes
Pasynkovaniye is considered important agrotechnical reception for tomatoes. In case not to carry out forming, then it is possible not to think of abundant harvest.
Pasynkovaniye of tomatoes is carried out for the following purposes:
- Improvement of conditions of illumination of plantings.
- Strengthening of power supply of fruits.
- Lengthening of terms of fructification.
- Forcing of terms of maturing.
- Probability of full maturing of tomatoes on root.
Basic rules of pasynkovaniye
It is necessary to make pasynkovaniye, considering tomato grade, characteristic features of growth and development. But there are several recommendations suitable for one and all grades - indeterminantny and determinant, soil and hothouse. Only when performing these conditions the pasynkovaniye will yield results:
- Forming needs to be begun only after all bushes get stronger, begin to grow strongly. It is simple to remove stepsons when length does not exceed 5 cm.
- It is desirable to begin forming of bush in the morning.
- It is necessary to continue works on cleaning of escapes during all summer season.
In case forming goes to 3 stalks, we maintain the main escape and 2 lower stepsons, in 2 trunks - we maintain the main escape and the lower escape under the 1st inflorescence, in 1 trunk - we keep only the main stalk.
How to define how many stalks to leave? This quantity will prompt the preferred plant grade.
For receiving the earliest fruits it is necessary to select undersized determinant grades. On them it is necessary to keep 1 or 2 stalks. In this case tomatoes will begin to ripen on the first 3-5 brushes.
Determinant tomatoes are allocated with the fact that finish the growth as a result of setting of certain number of brushes. Determinant grades are subdivided into superdeterminant - very early, usually not demanding pasynkovaniye, and just determinant which should be formed, eliminating unnecessary stepsons. At determinant grades 1 flower brush is formed after 5-7 leaves, new brushes are put each 2 leaves.
Indeterminantny grades and hybrids of tomatoes differ in the unlimited growth of the main stalk. In the conditions of the warmed greenhouses and in the warm regions such plants have every chance to grow year and more, bringing till 40-50 harvest brushes. Similar grades are persistently recommended to be formed. At them all stepsons remove and conduct in the only stalk. At indeterminantny grades the first brush is formed after the 9th leaf, new brushes are put through 3 leaves.
Pasynkovaniye of indeterminantny grades
Tomatoes in the greenhouse are formed much quicker, than in the open ground. Stepsons at them arise before the flower brush begins to be put. In that case forces of plant are spent for growth of lump of leaves and stalks, but not for fructification. By all means it is necessary to carry out pasynkovaniye during the summer season to receive harvest, and not just attractive, but absolutely useless bushes.
At tall grades it is recommended to leave the only stalk, eliminating everything stepsons. Leave only small stumps in 1 cm.
Pasynkovaniye of determinant grades
Determinant grades, as a rule, form in 2 trunks. When forming bush in two stalks leave 4-8 brushes. In such option the fruits surely will be not only numerous, but also ripened.
During what period and how to pasynkovat tomatoes
To start it is necessary to pasynkovat the majority of grades of tomatoes during blossoming of 1 flower brush. Frequency of work – at least 1 time in 10 days. Work should be carried out accurately and quickly.
The most widespread way of pasynkovaniye tomato – oblamyvaniye of escapes by hands. It is desirable to make operation in gloves. Pasynkovaniye will be usually seen off in the morning, during this period the stalks easily break off.
It is also possible to pasynkovat tomatoes by means of knife or scissors. Edges of the cutting tool have to be sharply ground.
The competent pasynkovaniye of tomatoes gives the chance to increase not green material, and to receive quite good and qualitative harvest of fruits. At the same time all tomatoes will be poured and healthy.