The beginning of the 19th century in development of natural sciences was marked by opening and awareness of interrelation between electricity and magnetism. At this time Hans Kristian the Oersted found out that the wire on which electric current flows rejects a magnetic needle of a compass. André-Mari Ampere also was connected to studying this question.
Age of opening
Indeed, the 19th century in many respects changed understanding of scientists of the structure of the world and pushed to a set of surprising opening and inventions. On this wave there was also a keen interest in electricity.
Opening followed one another. The most fantastic properties were attributed to the electric force and magnetism. Researches of scientists acquired the most improbable rumors, but nevertheless all this in general urged forward unprecedented interest to scientific activity and science in particular.
André-Mari Ampere
The science attracted more than ever many various people, so happened also to André-Mari Ampere. He was born in Lyon in family of the ordinary dealer. Got only home education, but as André-Mari had access to family library, thanks to diligence and aspiration to knowledge, he independently learned Latin for the only purpose - to read works of great mathematicians. André-Mari Ampere except classes made scientific activity notable career in an education system. At Napoleon Bonaparte he was appointed to a post of the general inspector of the universities of France.
Ampere's law
In 1827 its fundamental work "The theory of the electrodynamic phenomena output only from experience" where the author united the researches was issued and gave them mathematical definitions. In the work Ampere described the principles of interaction of direct currents. They were investigated by André-Mari Ampere in 1820. As a result of experiments and calculations André-Mari Ampere came to some conclusions. The scientist noticed that the direction of the current flowing in parallel conductors influences their attraction. If Ampere started up current in two conductors in one direction, then they were attracted. When current was started up in one and conductors in the opposite direction, it made a start from other conductor. The obtained information formed the basis all of the known Ampere's law. The essence of an experiment consisted in identification of force of an attraction or pushing away depending on the direction of the movement of electric current in two conductors. Besides, the scientist noticed that if to pass rather strong electric current on conductors, then their shift is well visible to the naked eye. Being a mathematician, Ampere measured and established that mechanical interaction is valid, proportional to current and depending on distance between conductors. Than this distance is more, that force of mechanical interaction is less. So the experiment suggested Ampere an idea of existence of the magnetic fields generated by electric current. In it Ampere's law also consists.