The first piloted flight to the Moon was made from July 16 to July 24, 1969. Two astronauts of the USA - Edwin Oldrin and Neil Armstrong - mudflows on the satellite of Earth on July 20, their landing module stayed on a surface more than 21 hour.
General information
Disembarkation to the Moon was carried out within the Apollo program starting in 1961. The president John Kennedy who set for NASA the task in 10 years to achieve such flight to the Moon during which disembarkation of crew to its surface and its safe return to Earth will be made was her initiator.
During implementation of the program a series of the triple piloted Apollo spaceships was developed. By the Apollo 11 ship the first flight to the Moon as a result of which the tasks set in 1961 were carried out was made.
Entered into crew of "Apollo 11": Neil Armstrong is a captain, Michael Collins is a pilot of the main module, Edwin Oldrin is a pilot of the lunar module. On a lunar surface the first Armstrong and Oldrin, Collins visited it time remained in the main module in an orbit of the Moon. The crew consisted of experienced test pilots, besides all of them already visited space.
That none of crew members caught cold, they were forbidden to communicate with other people some days before start, because of it astronauts did not get on the banquet organized in their honor with the U.S. President.
Flight
"Apollo 11" started on July 16, 1969. Its start and flight was broadcast for the whole world live. Having come to Earth orbit, the ship made several rounds, then engines of the third step turned on, "Apollo 11" gained the second cosmic speed and passed to the trajectory conducting to the moon. In the first day of flight the astronauts reported to Earth 16-minute live video broadcasting from a cabin. The second day of flight passed without incident, one correction of a course was carried out, and one more live video broadcasting is given. For the third day Armstrong and Oldrin checked all systems of the lunar module. By the end of this day the ship moved away from Earth on 345 thousand kilometers. For the fourth day "Apollo 11" entered a lunar shadow, astronauts at last had an opportunity to see the star sky. In the same day the ship came to a circumlunar orbit. For the fifth day, that is on July 20, 1969, Armstrong and Oldrin send to the lunar module and activated all its systems. On the 13th round around the moon the lunar and main module undocked. The lunar module which had call signs Oryol passed to a decrease orbit. At first the module flew windows down in order that astronauts could be guided on the area when to the place of landing there were about 400 kilometers, the pilot turned on the landing engine to begin braking, in the same time the module was turned by 180 degrees so that landing steps were directed towards the Moon.
On the Moon
On July 20 at 20:17:39 one of steps of the module concerned the surface of the Moon. Landing happened in 20 seconds before fuel of the landing engine had to reach a limit completely if landing did not manage to be finished in time, astronauts should begin the emergency take-off, and they would not achieve a main goal - landing to the Moon. Landing was so soft that astronauts determined it only by devices. The first two hours on a surface the astronauts prepared the module for the emergency take-off which could be necessary in emergency situation, after that they asked for permission to an early exit to a surface, was granted permission to them approximately in 4 hours after landing, and in 109 hours 16 minutes after start from the earth Armstrong began to squeeze via the output hatch. In 8 minutes, having gone down on a landing ladder, Armstrong took the first step to the Moon, having said at the same time the well-known phrase: ""It is one small step for the person, but huge jump for mankind"". After Armstrong of the module went out also Oldrin. Astronauts stayed on the surface of the Moon 2 and a half hours, they collected valuable examples of breed, made a set of pictures and videos. After return to a module cabin the astronauts had a rest.
Return to Earth
After return to Earth the Astronauts passed a strict quarantine to exclude danger of entering on our planet of unknown infections.
In 21 hours 36 minutes after landing the take-off engine was switched on. The module flew up without incident and in more than three hours joined the main module. By July 24 the crew safely reached Earth and splashed down in 3 kilometers from a reference point.