For all years of training at school at Russian lessons children deal with a grammatical basis of the offer, namely with a subject and a predicate. In certain cases offers are under construction only with one main component.
The grammatical basis of the offer in linguistics is understood as its body which consists of a subject and a predicate (or only from one component). The subject and a predicate in linguistics cannot be considered a phrase, but at school it is admissible. Any work on the text begins with definition of bases of the offer. All offers are subdivided by the number of the main members into mononuclear and two-member. Mononuclear in turn are divided into nominative (in the offer there is only a subject) and verbal (only a predicate). Distinguish from verbal offers indefinite-personal, impersonal, definite-personal and generally - personal.
Nouns, pronouns, adjectives, participles, numerals, infinitives (initial forms of verbs), some phrases and also phraseologically steady combinations of words can act as a subject in the offer (from guns on sparrows).
In the offer verbs in an initial and personal form with use of auxiliary particles, interjections can be a predicate. Predicates are subdivided into simple (are expressed only in a word) and compound (are put by several into words). Compound predicates are divided into nominal and verbal. The last represent combinations of the words consisting mainly of verbs. For example, a combination of verbs in value of a phase and infinitive: to be able to read. In certain cases, the verb can act as a compound verbal predicate to be together with a short adjective: it was ready. In personalized predicates a verbal part can be presented by a semi-full verb (to happen, become), a verb with value of movement, action, a state (to sleep, stand) and also a verb to be. A personalized part is expressed or the noun standing in the Nominative or instrumental case or an adjective (in any form).