The harvest of the next grape season, intensity and health of development of rod, quantity and degree of sweet of berries directly depend on providing the correct wintering of vineyard.
Instruction
1. Not only future harvest, but also rod life, rates of spring development of plant depends on quality of training of vineyard to wintering. That grapes have well transferred winter frosts, it is necessary to hold complex of preparatory activities. Disinfection of rod, its competent cutting and providing the shelter of plant from winds and low temperatures concern them.
2. The successful wintering of grapevine is possible only in case of health of plant. The grapes affected with fungal diseases, mold or mealy dew will be weakened and will badly transfer frosts. Processing of plant of 5% solution of iron or copper vitriol will help to get rid of pathogenic microorganisms and to allow grapes to accumulate reserve of starch and the sugar necessary for safe wintering.
3. Autumn cutting of escapes – the following important step in preparation of vineyard for winter. Cutting should not be made too early that the plant after fructification could restore a few the forces and save up nutrients in wood. The most optimum time of cutting of rod – after approach of the first frosts. Best of all the winter is endured by rods which thickness is not less than 10-15 mm, with well developed core. It is necessary to shorten plants according to characteristics of this grade of grapes, for secure having left couple kidneys more than the recommended quantity. I.e. if cutting of kidneys is recommended till 8-10, then it is worth leaving 12-14 eyes, and in the spring, in case of safe wintering, to cut off excess kidneys. Young, one-year escapes should be cut off completely.
4. After cutting, removal from lanes, prigibaniye and fixing of rod at the earth, it is necessary to take care of the shelter of vineyard. Young bushes can be powdered with the earth: the small ditch, about 20 cm in depth which bottom is dimmed by straw or dry leaves is dug out. On this covering rods keep within, from above cover them with the same material which lies at the bottom of ditch, and from above is powdered with the earth which thickness of layer has to be about 20-30 cm Earth has to be a little frozen slightly to prevent possible reproduction of pathogenic organisms and continuation of development of escapes of grapes. Older, well developed bushes can winter under the dry shelter in the form of hay, straw, cane mats. Ukryvna the layer needs to be protected from bad weather any breathing material – tarpaulin, burlap, agrofibre. You should not use for the shelter materials from polyethylene – it does not pass air and will create effect of hotbed.