That the base of the house conformed to requirements imposed to it, it is necessary to choose quality class correctly. If to know proportions of components, it is possible to prepare quality solution independently.
It is required to you
- - cement of M400 or M500 brand
- - the sifted sand
- - gravel of average fraction
- - water
- - concrete mixer
Instruction
1. Concrete – parent material in construction of the base. Durability and durability of the basis of construction in many respects depends on its quality. The cement slurry is required not only at construction of the tselnozalivny bases (plate, tape), but also as binding for bricks and blocks.
2. When determining optimum quality class the type of underground part of the basis is decisive factor. The choice is made depending on that, tape it, blocks, piles or monolithic plate. The moment following on the importance – availability of the basement or underground floors. Further the following factors are considered: land relief, level of underground water, design features of foundation of the house, soil frost depth, expected load of concrete structure.
3. In most cases in construction of owner-occupied dwellings concrete of M-200 brand (class B15) which part gravel of fraction of 20/40 mm is is used. To independently receive quality mix even in the presence of the concrete mixer not easy therefore it is recommended to apply concrete of factory production to filling of tape or plate. It has to correspond Construction Norms and Regulations 2.03.01-84 in which standards of frost resistance, heat conductivity and water tightness of any structure on cement basis are put.
4. For the monolithic bases (plate and tape) use of structure of the M-200 (V15) brand and those that above it will be optimal solution: M-250 (V20), M-300 (V22.5) and M-350 (V25). As filler in these mixes gravel or crushed stone is used. If there is opportunity to prepare solution of the required brand independently, it is necessary to consider that inadmissibly uses in such concrete of beaten brick or limestone. These materials are capable to reduce bearing capacity of the base considerably.
5. The sand put in solution has to be sifted and got from pit. Bank sand will not be suitable for concrete preparation. It is important not to allow hits in solution of such foreign substances as various oils, powders, plaster, clay, salt. At independent preparation of concrete it is desirable to use brand cement above M400. For example, M500.
6. For receiving quality solution it is possible to adhere to the following proportions: 1 parts of binding substance (cement of the required brand), 3 parts of sand, 4 parts of filler (crushed stone or gravel of average fraction), water. The consistence of solution has to be pastelike therefore the amount of liquid is defined by practical consideration. After filling in timbering concrete of any brand demands careful consolidation.