At explaining the ground, for example, in a backpacking, sometimes it is required to determine height of any given remote subject or object. If the distance to it is known, then it is possible to execute calculations. And how to be when to the basis of the necessary object not to reach, and to measure distance there is no opportunity? Knowledge of geometry comes to the rescue.
It is required to you
- - pole;
- - astrolabe.
Instruction
1. When determining height of a remote subject which basis is inaccessible and the distance to it cannot be measured directly, use simple calculations with a priyemeniye of improvised objects or special devices. The first stage – determination of distance to an object.
2. Let's say what from a subject with height unknown to you (point of X) you is separated by an absolute obstacle, for example, the river. Choose on the party a point And, located approximately opposite an object necessary to you.
3. Now turn at right angle to the right and take 15-20 steps. In this place thrust a branch or a stick to the earth. It will be O. Prodelayte's point just the same number of steps in the same direction. You received a point In; note it also any subject.
4. From a point In move at right angle, moving away from the coast. When the point of your stay is located between an object (point of X) and a point Oh, stop. The distance from you to a point In will be equal to distance from the first point (A) to the point of X designated an object necessary to you. It is possible to measure distance by steps now, and then to transfer them to meters.
5. Now, when the distance to an object is known, pass to determination of its height. For this purpose you need a long pole or a stick with the rotating level. Put on removal from the measured object a pole the EXPERT with the rotating level and direct it to the top point of an object (a point With’).
6. Note on the Earth's surface a point In that in this point direct AA' would be crossed with the Earth's surface. Triangles of A'C'B and DIA will be similar as have the general corner and on a corner, equal 90 degrees. It follows from this that: A'S' / the EXPERT = VA' / VA or Height of a subject, thus, will equal: A'S' = EXPERT x VA' / VA.
7. The following method assumes more difficult calculations. Let's say you need to determine height of AN of a remote subject. Note at a certain distance from the basis of N a point In and measure AVN corner by means of an astrolabe, and then according to these data from a rectangular triangle of ANV find object height on a formula: AN = NV x tgABH.