To define the module of dot charges of identical size, measure force of their interaction and distance between them and make calculation. If it is necessary to find the module of a charge of separate dot bodies, you bring them in electric field with the known tension and measure force with which the field affects these charges.
It is required to you
- - tortional scales;
- - ruler;
- - calculator;
- - measuring instrument of electrostatic field.
Instruction
1. If there are two charges, identical on the module, measure force of their interaction by means of tortional scales of the Pendant which at the same time are a sensitive dynamometer. After charges equilibrate, and the wire of scales will compensate force of electric interaction, on a scale of scales record value of this force. After that by means of a ruler, a caliper, or on a special scale on scales find distance between these charges. Consider that heteronymic charges are attracted, and of the same name make a start. Measure force in Newtons, and distance in meters.
2. Calculate value of the module of one dot charge of q. For this purpose divide force of F with which two charges interact into coefficient 9•10^9. Take a square root from the received result. Increase result by distance between charges of r, q=r • √ (F/9•10^9). Receive a charge in Pendants.
3. If charges unequal, then one of them has to be in advance known. Between them determine force of interaction of the known and unknown charge and distance by means of tortional scales of the Pendant. Calculate the module of an unknown charge. For this purpose force of interaction of charges of F, divide into the work of coefficient 9•10^9 on the module of the known charge q0. Take a square root from the turned-out number and increase result by distance between r charges; q1=r • √ (F / (9•10^9•q2)).
4. Define the module of an unknown dot charge, having brought it in electrostatic field. If his tension in this point is in advance unknown, bring in it the sensor of the measuring instrument of electrostatic field. Measure tension in volts on meter. Bring in a point with the known tension a charge and by means of a sensitive dynamometer measure force in Newtons operating on it. Define the charge module, having divided value of force of F into strength of electric field of E; q=F/E.