The accelerator of particles allowing to disperse them to very high speeds is a collider. With its help it is possible to investigate behavior of these particles, reproducing the conditions existing in the world billions years ago, almost right after the Big Bang. These installations allow to make fundamental discoveries which in the future will allow to create the uniform physical theory.
The collider is an accelerator of particles which allows to investigate their properties by means of collisions. The word is formed from collide that means to face. In colliders the particles are given high kinetic energy thanks to what they get high speed therefore results of such collisions are registered on devices and then can be investigated. Depends how big energy can be transferred to a particle, so and how small particles can be noticeable on the size of a collider. The more the accelerator, the is less size of "experimental". Colliders happen two types: ring and linear. The Large Hadron Collider constructed in Switzerland near the French border belongs to ring. The collider so is arranged. In a tunnel or a ring the space in which there is nothing is located, it is a vacuum. To achieve it, very considerable efforts are already required. The particle disperses by means of the heavy-duty magnets located on all length of the accelerator. The formed magnetic field will adjust a particle, giving it the required speed. In a tunnel there are special points where the equipment allows to reduce the dispersed particles with each other "a forehead bluntly". From collision there is a clot or, otherwise, flash of energy which revolts a vacuum. On it new particles extensively scatter, and they can be recorded by means of special detectors. Each of them allows "to catch" particles with a certain energy. Registration of various particles allows to establish their properties for the sake of which the experiment was started. Colliders allow to make experiments in which particles with very big energy close to those which they possessed when the age of the Universe was one second or less participate. For example, the experiment during which a quark-glyuonnaya plasma was received was made recently. This condition of substance in which the Universe in the first 10 in minus of the sixth degree of second after the Big Bang stayed. It turned out that it is liquid with very big density, it is much more, than at solid substances which we can observe around. Construction of a Large Hadron Collider caused a stir in the press. Fears expressed that there is a danger of emergence of a black hole that substance will change the state, and other opinions in this respect. Many said that if particles face big energy, then the small black hole which will begin to absorb substance can be formed. But in fact from space the particles having higher energy arrive, they will see off through Earth, through us, face other particles, and black holes do not arise. Probability of such development is extremely small.