The rapid development of the equipment and technologies caused by escalating requirements of society brought in the twentieth century to emergence of a set of new scientific disciplines. One of similar young sciences is the metrology. As the sphere of its researches covers several fields of knowledge, the answer to a question of what is metrology, is not so obvious.
Instruction
1. Metrology call science about measurements and also the certain sphere of human activity which is directly connected with measurements. A metrology research object as sciences is practically all physical picture of the world. The purpose of scientific metrology consists in search and formalization of methods and approaches to commission of exact and reliable measurements of any objects, processes or the phenomena and also in creation of ways of processing and storage of the obtained data.
2. Now in measuring science allocate three main directions: fundamental, practical and legislative metrology. The fundamental metrology, besides, includes the general-theoretical and applied section.
3. In the general plan the fundamental metrology can be characterized as the division of science about measurements serving as philosophical and theoretical basis for all other directions. It is engaged in development of the main concepts, theories and also creation of methods, models and a mathematical apparatus for further researches and practical application. In particular, within general-theoretical metrology there is creation of the general concepts and development of the general methods of measurements. In metrology applied these principles are concretized in relation to certain objects, the physical phenomena and processes. Thus, the applied metrology uses results of general-theoretical researches for creation of concrete methods of measurements.
4. Legislative metrology, working partly in the right, it is designed to provide society with the instrument of regulation of any aspects connected with the measurements having practical value. A product of its research are rules, norms and requirements to implementation of measurements satisfying to the current legal system of the state.
5. The practical metrology brings together the results received within the researches of the fundamental and legislative direction. It studies opportunities and declares rules and ways of practical application of various methods of measurements in various areas of human activity.