The volcano is geological education over cracks and channels in earth crust which has the cone form with a crater at top. During a volcanic eruption on the earth's surface the lava, fragments of rocks, ashes and gases are thrown up.
Volcanic outbursts can be divided into lava in which there are practically no friable pyroclastic products, and the explosive, accompanied with sudden emission breeds and ashes. The main types of emissions at a volcanic eruption are the lava, fragments, ashes and gases.
Lava
The most known product of volcanic activity is the lava which consists of compounds of silicon, aluminum and other metals. It is curious that as a part of a lava it is possible to find all elements of the table of Mendeleyev, but its main weight is made by silicon oxide.
By the nature the lava is the heated magma which flowed out from a volcano crater on the Earth's surface. At an exit to a surface the players of magma are a little changed under the influence of atmospheric factors. Gases which come out together with magma and mix up with it, give to a lava bubbly structure.
The lava follows streams from 4 to 16 m wide. Average temperature of a lava is 1000 wasps, it destroys everything that meets it on the way.
Fragments and ashes
At a volcanic eruption fragments which are also called pyroclastic fragments, or tefry are thrown out up. The largest pyroclastic fragments are volcanic bombs which are formed at emission of the liquid products stiffening directly in air. Fragments the size from a pea to walnut carry to lapillyam, and material less than 0.4 cm in size to ashes. Small particles of volcanic dust and heated gas extend with a speed of 100 km/h. They are so heated that shine in night-time. Peplovy streams extend in a huge radius, sometimes they overcome heights and water spaces.
Gases
The volcanic eruption is followed by an exit of gases which part hydrogen, dioxide of sulfur and carbon dioxide are. Insignificant quantities contain carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen, methane, hydrofluoric acid, a pine forest, bromovy acid, mercury vapors and also insignificant amount of metals, semi-metals and some precious metals. The gases emitted from a volcano muzzle have an appearance of white water vapor. When to gases the tefra is added, clouds of gases become black or gray. Around a volcanic eruption the strongest smell of hydrogen sulfide extends. For example, the smell of a volcano of Sufrir Hill on the island of Montserrat extends in a radius of 100 km. Small release of gases in volcanic areas can continue for years. At the same time volcanic gases are poisonous. Sulfur dioxide, mixing up with rain streams, forms sulfuric acid. Fluorine which contains in gases poisons water.