The science is the special, in own way unique type of cognitive activity peculiar only to the person. The science is directed to receiving and distribution of the objective, reasonable and proved knowledge of the material and non-material world. The exact time of emergence of science per se is unknown, however the reasons of its emergence can be tracked in history of mankind.
Basis of scientific activity is collecting the facts and also their continuous updating, systematization and removal by means of the analysis of new scientific knowledge. Emergence and development of science became a part of the general development of human mind as survival mechanism. The person initially did not possess any external data for gaining domination in a food chain, also he had no opportunity to adapt quickly to changes of the environment. However by means of reason the people could learn to change environmental conditions in that degree in what it was necessary for them. And the science in this process played a huge role.
Formation at the person of thinking directed to establishment of the subject and object relations between the person and the environment surrounding it became the main cause of science. Understanding by the person of that fact that "in this world all not just like that" became the first step to scientific knowledge. Awareness of coherence of external and internal processes stimulated not only accumulation of knowledge, but also their objective analysis that as a result led to emergence at first outlooks (philosophies and religions), and then and sciences. Historically it was connected with transition of mankind from collecting to the making economy. The need for production improvement as quantitatively, and it is qualitative, led to search of new decisions, and decisions were made on the basis of systematization and the analysis of the accumulated knowledge and experience.
In parallel with development of science such processes as formation of the human speech, writing, the account arose and evolved. Emergence of art – a unique form of the nadbiologichesky activity expressed in creativity, that is in achievement of the benefits which were not necessary from the biological point of view became an important step. All these achievements predetermined future domination of the person on the planet. More and more growing volume of the accumulated information on the device of surrounding and inner world, emergence of new methods of knowledge, awareness of physical impossibility to know all brought in a result to branch division of science, at the same time to appearance of the first people whose main occupation was a science – carriers of knowledge, scientific. Originally attendants of religious cults were carriers of knowledge, however subsequently the science separated from religion that led later to their hidden confrontation which is most brightly expressed during a Middle Ages era. Today the science develops very promptly, all new discoveries transforming life of people are made every year.